Aztreonam
| 150px | |
| Aztreonam
| |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 3-[2-(2-azaniumyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(1-hydroxy-2- methyl-1-oxo-propan-2-yl)oxyimino- acetyl]amino-2-methyl-4-oxo-azetidine-1-sulfonate | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | J01 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C13H17N5O8S2 |
| Mol. mass | 435.435 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 100% (IM) |
| Protein binding | 56% |
| Metabolism | hepatic (minor %) |
| Half life | 1.7 hours |
| Excretion | Renal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. | |
| Legal status |
℞-only (U.S.) |
| Routes | Intravenous and intramuscular |
|
WikiDoc Resources for Aztreonam | |
|
Articles | |
|---|---|
|
Most recent articles on Aztreonam | |
|
Media | |
|
Evidence Based Medicine | |
|
Clinical Trials | |
|
Ongoing Trials on Aztreonam at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Aztreonam at Google
| |
|
Guidelines / Policies / Govt | |
|
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Aztreonam
| |
|
Books | |
|
News | |
|
Commentary | |
|
Definitions | |
|
Patient Resources / Community | |
|
Patient resources on Aztreonam Discussion groups on Aztreonam Directions to Hospitals Treating Aztreonam Risk calculators and risk factors for Aztreonam
| |
|
Healthcare Provider Resources | |
|
Causes & Risk Factors for Aztreonam | |
|
Continuing Medical Education (CME) | |
|
International | |
|
| |
|
Business | |
|
Experimental / Informatics | |
Aztreonam (Azactam®) is a synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (a monobactam) originally isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum. It was approved by the FDA in 1986. It is resistant to some beta-lactamases, but is inactivated by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
Mechanism of action
Aztreonam is similar in action to penicillin. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall. It has a very high affinity for penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP-3) and mild affinity for PBP-1a. Aztreonam binds the penicillin-binding proteins of gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria very poorly and is largely ineffective against them.[1] Aztreonam is bactericidal but less so than some of the cephalosporins.
Indications
Aztreonam has strong activity against susceptible gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has no useful activity against gram-positive bacteria or anaerobes. It is known to be effective against a wide range of bacteria including Citrobacter, Enterobacter, E coli, Haemophilus, Klebsiella, Proteus, and Serratia species.[2]
Administration
Aztreonam must be administered intravenously, as the compound is poorly absorbed when given via the oral route. Phase III trials are currently in progress to measure its delivery in inhaled form, using an ultrasonic nebulizer.
Common adverse effects
Reported side-effects include injection site reactions, rash, and rarely toxic epidermal necrolysis. Gastrointestinal side effects generally include diarrhea and nausea and vomiting. There may be drug-induced eosinophilia. There is limited cross-reactivity between aztreonam and other beta-lactam antibiotics, and it is generally considered safe to admininister aztreonam to patients with hypersensitivity (allergies) to penicillins.[1]
Aztreonam is considered Pregnancy category B.
References
External link
Table of Contents In Alphabetical Order | By Individual Diseases | Signs and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Lab Tests | Drugs
Editor Tools Become an Editor | Editors Help Menu | Create a Page | Edit a Page | Upload a Picture or File | Printable version | Permanent link | Maintain Pages | What Pages Link HereThere is no pharmaceutical or device industry support for this site and we need your viewer supported Donations | Editorial Board | Governance | Licensing | Disclaimers | Avoid Plagiarism | Policies
