Leishmaniasis classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

In the medical field, leishmaniasis is one of the famous causes of a markedly enlarged spleen, which may become larger even than the liver. The four main forms of leishmaniasis include visceral leishmaniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.

Classification

• Visceral leishmaniasis - the most serious form and potentially fatal if untreated.
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis - the most common form which causes a sore at the bite site, which heal in a few months to a year, leaving an unpleasant looking scar. This form can progress to any of the other three forms.
• Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis - this form produces widespread skin lesions which resemble leprosy and is particularly difficult to treat.
• Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis - commences with skin ulcers which spread causing tissue damage to (particularly) nose and mouth