Vertigo causes: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(14 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{SI}}
{{Vertigo}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ZMalik}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ZMalik}}  


==Overview==
==Overview==
Life threatening causes of vertigo include [[brainstem stroke]], [[drug overdose]], and [[malignant hypertension]]. Other common causes of vertigo include [[benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]], [[Meniere's disease]], and [[Migraine|vestibular migraine]].
Common causes of vertigo may include [[Ménière’s disease]], [[benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]], [[labyrinthitis]], [[vestibular neuritis]]. Less common causes of vertigo may include [[mood disorder]], [[anxiety]], and [[migraine]]. Life-threatening causes include [[brainstem]] [[ischemia]]/[[hemorrhage]], [[hypertension]] [[crisis]], [[drug]] [[overdose]], [[cyanide]] [[poisoning]].


==Causes==
==Causes==


* '''Peripheral''' causes of vertigo includes<ref name="Karatas2008">{{cite journal|last1=Karatas|first1=Mehmet|title=Central Vertigo and Dizziness|journal=The Neurologist|volume=14|issue=6|year=2008|pages=355–364|issn=1074-7931|doi=10.1097/NRL.0b013e31817533a3}}</ref>:
===Common Causes===
 
:*Common causes of vertigo may include:
:*
 
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Disease''' || '''Main Feature'''
|+
|-
! colspan="2" |Peripheral Vertigo Causes<ref> name="Karatas2008">{{cite journal|last1=Karatas|first1=Mehmet|title=Central Vertigo and Dizziness|journal=The Neurologist|volume=14|issue=6|year=2008|pages=355–364|issn=1074-7931|doi=10.1097/NRL.0b013e31817533a3}}</ref>
| [[Ménière’s disease]] || Increased [[endolymph]] volume in [[semicircular canals]]. Recurrent vertigo, aural fullness, hearing loss and [[tinnitus]]
|-
|-
![[Ménière’s disease]]
| [[Acoustic neuroma]] || [[tinnitus]], ear pain, [[aural fullness]], [[headache]], facial weakness.
|
|-
*Increased [[endolymph]] volume in [[semicircular canals]]. Recurrent vertigo, aural fullness, hearing loss and [[tinnitus]]
| [[Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo]] || Dislodged [[otoliths]] stimulate vestibular sense organ. Recurrent vertigo, nausea, vomiting, [[torsional]] [[nystagmus]]
|-
|-
![[Acoustic neuroma]]
| Acute [[labyrinthitis]] || Inflammation of [[labyrinth]]/ [[viral]] or [[bacterial]]. Temporary hearing loss, vertigo, off balance, [[tinnitus]]
|
|-
*[[tinnitus]], ear pain, [[aural fullness]], [[headache]], facial weakness.
| Acute [[vestibular]] [[neuritis]] || Inflammation of [[vestibular]] nerve caused by [[viral]] [[infection]]. Vertigo, hearing intact
|-
|-
![[Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]]
| [[Cholesteatoma]] || Cyst/sac of [[keratin]] debris in middle ear. Fullness/pressure in the ear, vertigo, hearing loss, pain
|
|-
*Dislodged [[otoliths]] stimulate vestibular sense organ. Recurrent vertigo, nausea, vomiting, [[torsional]] [[nystagmus]]
| [[Otosclerosis]] || Abnormal bone growth in middle ear. Vertigo, [[tinnitus]] and, sensorineural hearing loss
|-
|-
![[Acute]] [[labyrinthitis]]
| [[Perilymphatic fistula]] || Abnormal connection between the middle ear and inner ear. Fullness/pressure in the ear, vertigo, hearing loss/sensitive hearing
|
|}
*[[Inflammation]] of [[labyrinth]]/ [[viral]] or [[bacterial]]. Temporary hearing loss, vertigo, off balance, [[tinnitus]]
|-
![[Acute]] [[vestibular neuritis]]
|
*[[Inflammation]] of [[vestibular]] nerve caused by [[viral]] [[infection]]. Vertigo, hearing intact
|-
![[Herpes Zoster Oticus]]
|
*Ear pain, [[facial palsy]], hearing loss, [[tinnitus]] vertigo herpetic eruptions of the [[auricle]] and/or [[external auditory canal]].
|-
![[Cholesteatoma]]
|
*[[Cyst]]/sac of [[keratin]] debris in middle ear. Fullness/pressure in the ear, vertigo, hearing loss, pain
|-
![[Otosclerosis]]
|
*Abnormal bone growth in the middle ear. Vertigo, [[tinnitus]] and, sensorineural hearing loss
 
|+
! colspan="2" |Central Vertigo Causes<ref name="Kerber2009">{{cite journal|last1=Kerber|first1=Kevin A.|title=Vertigo and Dizziness in the Emergency Department|journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America|volume=27|issue=1|year=2009|pages=39–50|issn=07338627|doi=10.1016/j.emc.2008.09.002}}</ref>
|-
![[Brainstem]] [[Stroke]]
|
*Vertigo, imbalance, double vision, slurred speech, and altered [[consciousness]].
|-
![[Vestibular]] [[Migraine]]
|
*Mostly unilateral severe throbbing [[headache]], vertigo lasting minutes to hours, sensitivity to motion/light/smell/noise, [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], imbalance.
|-
![[Multiple Sclerosis]]
|
*Vertigo may accompany other symptoms like vision problem, fatigue, [[numbness]]/[[tingling]], limited mobility, bladder/bowel/speech/swallowing impairment.
|-
![[Cerebellopontine angle]] [[tumors]]
|
*[[Meningioma]] or [[schwannoma]] in [[cerebellopontine]] angle can cause vertigo due to pressure on [[vestibular]] [[nerve]].
|-
![[Lateral medullary syndrome]]
|
*Results from ischemia in the lateral part of the [[brainstem]]([[medulla oblongata]]). Associated with [[ataxia]], [[nystagmus]], vertigo, [[dysphagia]], [[dysarthria]].
|-
![[Chiari malformation]]
|
*Extension of [[brainstem]] into [[spinal canal]]. Associated with [[numbness]]/[[tingling]] of hands and feet, [[dysphagia]], vertigo, unsteady [[gait]], hoarseness.
 
|+
! colspan="2" |Other Causes
|-
!Medication induced
|
*[[Aminoglycosides]], [[anticonvulsants]]([[phenytoin]]), [[anti-depressants]]([[tricyclic antidepressants]], [[monoamine oxidase]]), [[antihypertensives]], [[diuretics]] ([[furosemide]]), [[barbiturates]], [[cocaine]], [[nitroglycerin]], [[salicylates]]
|-
![[Psychogenic]]
|
*Mood, [[anxiety]], or [[alcohol]] abuse disorders
|}<br />
 
===Less Common Causes===


* '''Central''' causes of vertigo includes<ref name="Kerber2009">{{cite journal|last1=Kerber|first1=Kevin A.|title=Vertigo and Dizziness in the Emergency Department|journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America|volume=27|issue=1|year=2009|pages=39–50|issn=07338627|doi=10.1016/j.emc.2008.09.002}}</ref>:
*[[Mood disorder]]<ref name="BrantbergTrees2009">{{cite journal|last1=Brantberg|first1=Krister|last2=Trees|first2=Natalie|last3=Baloh|first3=Robert W.|title=Migraine-associated vertigo|journal=Acta Oto-Laryngologica|volume=125|issue=3|year=2009|pages=276–279|issn=0001-6489|doi=10.1080/00016480510003165}}</ref><ref name="BalabanJacob2001">{{cite journal|last1=Balaban|first1=Carey D.|last2=Jacob|first2=Rolf G.|title=Background and history of the interface between anxiety and vertigo|journal=Journal of Anxiety Disorders|volume=15|issue=1-2|year=2001|pages=27–51|issn=08876185|doi=10.1016/S0887-6185(00)00041-4}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
*[[Anxiety]]
|'''Disease''' || '''Main Feature'''
*[[Migraine]]
|-
*
| [[Brainstem Stroke]] || Vertigo, imbalance, double vision, slurred speech, and altered [[consciousness]].
|-
| [[Vestibular Migraine]] || Mostly unilateral severe throbbing [[headache]], vertigo lasting minutes to hours, sensitivity to motion/light/smell/noise, [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], imbalance.
|-
| [[Multiple Sclerosis]] || Vertigo may accompany other symptoms like vision problem, fatigue, [[numbness]]/[[tingling]], limited mobility, bladder/bowel/speech/swallowing impairment.
|-
| [[Cerebellar]] [[tumors]] || [[meningioma]] or [[schwannoma]] in [[cerebellopontine]] angle can cause vertigo due to pressure on [[vestibular]] [[nerve]].
|-
| [[Lateral medullary syndrome]] || Results from ischemia in the lateral part of the [[brainstem]]([[medulla oblongata]]). Associated with [[ataxia]], [[nystagmus]], vertigo, [[dysphagia]], [[dysarthria]].
|-
| [[Chiari malformation]] || Extension of brainstem into spinal canal. Associated with [[numbness]]/[[tingling]] of hands and feet, [[dysphagia]], vertigo, unsteady gait, hoarseness.
|}
*Other Causes
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Disease''' || '''Main Feature'''
|-
| Medication induced ||  [[aminoglycosides]], [[anticonvulsants]]([[phenytoin]]), [[anti-depressants]]([[tricyclic antidepressants]], [[monoamine oxidase]]), [[antihypertensives]], [[diuretics]] ([[furosemide]]), [[barbiturates]], [[cocaine]], [[nitroglycerin]], [[salicylates]]
|-
| Psychogenic|| Mood, anxiety, or alcohol abuse disorders
|}
*Life threatening causes of Vertigo:
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Disease''' ||  '''Main Feature'''
|-
| [[Brainstem stroke]] ||
|-
| [[Cyanide poisoning]]||
|-
| [[Drug overdose]] ||
|-
| [[Malignant hypertension]]||
|-
|[[Cerebellar hemorrhage]]||
|}


<br />
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 20:02, 20 January 2021

Vertigo Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Vertigo from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Vertigo causes On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Vertigo causes

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Vertigo causes

CDC on Vertigo causes

Vertigo causes in the news

Blogs on Vertigo causes

Directions to Hospitals Treating Vertigo

Risk calculators and risk factors for Vertigo causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Common causes of vertigo may include Ménière’s disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, labyrinthitis, vestibular neuritis. Less common causes of vertigo may include mood disorder, anxiety, and migraine. Life-threatening causes include brainstem ischemia/hemorrhage, hypertension crisis, drug overdose, cyanide poisoning.

Causes

Common Causes

  • Common causes of vertigo may include:
Peripheral Vertigo Causes[1]
Ménière’s disease
Acoustic neuroma
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Acute labyrinthitis
Acute vestibular neuritis
Herpes Zoster Oticus
Cholesteatoma
  • Cyst/sac of keratin debris in middle ear. Fullness/pressure in the ear, vertigo, hearing loss, pain
Otosclerosis
  • Abnormal bone growth in the middle ear. Vertigo, tinnitus and, sensorineural hearing loss
Central Vertigo Causes[2]
Brainstem Stroke
  • Vertigo, imbalance, double vision, slurred speech, and altered consciousness.
Vestibular Migraine
  • Mostly unilateral severe throbbing headache, vertigo lasting minutes to hours, sensitivity to motion/light/smell/noise, nausea, vomiting, imbalance.
Multiple Sclerosis
  • Vertigo may accompany other symptoms like vision problem, fatigue, numbness/tingling, limited mobility, bladder/bowel/speech/swallowing impairment.
Cerebellopontine angle tumors
Lateral medullary syndrome
Chiari malformation
Other Causes
Medication induced
Psychogenic


Less Common Causes


References

  1. ↑ name="Karatas2008">Karatas, Mehmet (2008). "Central Vertigo and Dizziness". The Neurologist. 14 (6): 355–364. doi:10.1097/NRL.0b013e31817533a3. ISSN 1074-7931.
  2. ↑ Kerber, Kevin A. (2009). "Vertigo and Dizziness in the Emergency Department". Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 27 (1): 39–50. doi:10.1016/j.emc.2008.09.002. ISSN 0733-8627.
  3. ↑ Brantberg, Krister; Trees, Natalie; Baloh, Robert W. (2009). "Migraine-associated vertigo". Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 125 (3): 276–279. doi:10.1080/00016480510003165. ISSN 0001-6489.
  4. ↑ Balaban, Carey D.; Jacob, Rolf G. (2001). "Background and history of the interface between anxiety and vertigo". Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 15 (1–2): 27–51. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(00)00041-4. ISSN 0887-6185.

Template:WH Template:WS

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Vertigo_causes&oldid=1684244"