Vertebral artery dissection: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Vertebral artery dissection''' is the development of [[Dissection (medical)|dissection]] (a flap-like tear) in the [[vertebral artery]]. It is commonly associated with [[physical trauma]] but may also develop spontaneously. It is a major cause of [[stroke]] in young people.  
'''Vertebral artery dissection''' is the development of [[Dissection (medical)|dissection]] (a flap-like tear) in the [[vertebral artery]]. It is commonly associated with [[physical trauma]] but may also develop spontaneously. It is a major cause of [[ischemic stroke]] in young people.  


==Epdidemiology and Demographics==
==Epdidemiology and Demographics==
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Typical features are [[pain and nociception|pain]] in the [[neck]] associated with stroke-like symptoms of the "posterior circulation": [[cranial nerve]] palsies, [[ataxia]], and cortical visual loss.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Thanvi B, Munshi SK, Dawson SL, Robinson TG |title=Carotid and vertebral artery dissection syndromes |journal=Postgrad Med J |volume=81 |issue=956 |pages=383–8 |year=2005 |pmid=15937204 |doi=10.1136/pgmj.2003.016774|url= http://pmj.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/81/956/383}}</ref> It can also cause [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]] (bleeding into the area around the brain); dissecting aneurysms of the vertebral artery represent about 4% of all [[aneurysm]]s.<ref name=Santos-Franco>{{cite journal |journal= Neurosurg Rev |date=2008 |title= Dissecting aneurysms of the vertebrobasilar system. A comprehensive review on natural history and treatment options |author= Santos-Franco JA, Zenteno M, Lee A |doi=10.1007/s10143-008-0124-x |pmid=18309525}}</ref>
Typical features are [[pain and nociception|pain]] in the [[neck]] associated with stroke-like symptoms of the "posterior circulation": [[cranial nerve]] palsies, [[ataxia]], and cortical visual loss.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Thanvi B, Munshi SK, Dawson SL, Robinson TG |title=Carotid and vertebral artery dissection syndromes |journal=Postgrad Med J |volume=81 |issue=956 |pages=383–8 |year=2005 |pmid=15937204 |doi=10.1136/pgmj.2003.016774|url= http://pmj.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/81/956/383}}</ref> It can also cause [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]] (bleeding into the area around the brain); dissecting aneurysms of the vertebral artery represent about 4% of all [[aneurysm]]s.<ref name=Santos-Franco>{{cite journal |journal= Neurosurg Rev |date=2008 |title= Dissecting aneurysms of the vertebrobasilar system. A comprehensive review on natural history and treatment options |author= Santos-Franco JA, Zenteno M, Lee A |doi=10.1007/s10143-008-0124-x |pmid=18309525}}</ref>


===Diagnostic Guidelines===
==Diagnosis==
===CT===
===CT===
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==Related Chapters==
*[[Vertebral artery disease]]
*[[Ischemic stroke]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 13:07, 4 October 2012

Vertebral artery dissection
Arteries of the neck
ICD-9 443.24

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Vertebral artery dissection is the development of dissection (a flap-like tear) in the vertebral artery. It is commonly associated with physical trauma but may also develop spontaneously. It is a major cause of ischemic stroke in young people.

Epdidemiology and Demographics

The annual incidence is about 1 per 100,000 in America and 1.5 per 100,000 in France.[1]

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Typical features are pain in the neck associated with stroke-like symptoms of the "posterior circulation": cranial nerve palsies, ataxia, and cortical visual loss.[2] It can also cause subarachnoid hemorrhage (bleeding into the area around the brain); dissecting aneurysms of the vertebral artery represent about 4% of all aneurysms.[1]

Diagnosis

CT

Related Chapters

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Santos-Franco JA, Zenteno M, Lee A (2008). "Dissecting aneurysms of the vertebrobasilar system. A comprehensive review on natural history and treatment options". Neurosurg Rev. doi:10.1007/s10143-008-0124-x. PMID 18309525.
  2. Thanvi B, Munshi SK, Dawson SL, Robinson TG (2005). "Carotid and vertebral artery dissection syndromes". Postgrad Med J. 81 (956): 383–8. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.016774. PMID 15937204.

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