Third degree AV block historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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*'''1894:''' Dr. Engelmann described a phenomenon of AV interval lengthening. Dr. Engelmann described a stimulus that is applied to the atrium followed by elongation of the AV interval.<ref name="pmid18907667">{{cite journal| author=LANGENDORF R| title=Concealed A-V conduction; the effect of blocked impulses on the formation and conduction of subsequent impulses. | journal=Am Heart J | year= 1948 | volume= 35 | issue= 4 | pages= 542-52 | pmid=18907667 | doi=10.1016/0002-8703(48)90641-3 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18907667 }}</ref> | *'''1894:''' Dr. Engelmann described a phenomenon of AV interval lengthening. Dr. Engelmann described a stimulus that is applied to the atrium followed by elongation of the AV interval.<ref name="pmid18907667">{{cite journal| author=LANGENDORF R| title=Concealed A-V conduction; the effect of blocked impulses on the formation and conduction of subsequent impulses. | journal=Am Heart J | year= 1948 | volume= 35 | issue= 4 | pages= 542-52 | pmid=18907667 | doi=10.1016/0002-8703(48)90641-3 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18907667 }}</ref> | ||
*'''1899:''' Karel Frederik Wenckebach publishes a paper "On the analysis of irregular pulses" describing impairment of AV conduction leading to progressive lengthening and blockage of AV conduction in frogs. This will later be called Wenckebach block (Mobitz type I) or Wenckebach phenomenon. | *'''1899:''' Karel Frederik Wenckebach publishes a paper "On the analysis of irregular pulses" describing impairment of AV conduction leading to progressive lengthening and blockage of AV conduction in frogs. This will later be called Wenckebach block (Mobitz type I) or Wenckebach phenomenon. | ||
* 1925: Dr. Ashmar further studied this blocked impulses and their impact on the conduction in the muscle of the heart. He stated the early blocked beats that follow a normal impulses have less effect on the conduction system. | *'''1906:''' Einthoven: The first organised presentation of normal and abnormal electrocardiograms recorded with a string galvanometer. Left and right ventricular hypertrophy, left and right atrial hypertrophy, the U wave (for the first time), notching of the QRS, ventricular premature beats, ventricular bigeminy, atrial flutter and '''complete heart block''' are all described. ''Einthoven W. Le telecardiogramme. Arch Int de Physiol 1906;4:132-164 (translated into English. Am Heart J 1957;53:602-615)'' | ||
*'''1925''': Dr. Ashmar further studied this blocked impulses and their impact on the conduction in the muscle of the heart. He stated the early blocked beats that follow a normal impulses have less effect on the conduction system. | |||
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===Discovery=== | ===Discovery=== | ||
'''1906:''' Einthoven: The first organised presentation of normal and abnormal electrocardiograms recorded with a string galvanometer. Left and right ventricular hypertrophy, left and right atrial hypertrophy, the U wave (for the first time), notching of the QRS, ventricular premature beats, ventricular bigeminy, atrial flutter and '''complete heart block''' are all described. ''Einthoven W. Le telecardiogramme. Arch Int de Physiol 1906;4:132-164 (translated into English. Am Heart J 1957;53:602-615)'' | |||
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Revision as of 17:50, 9 April 2020
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Third degree AV block Microchapters | |
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Treatment | |
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Case Studies | |
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Third degree AV block historical perspective On the Web | |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Third degree AV block historical perspective | |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Third degree AV block historical perspective | |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Third degree AV block historical perspective On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Third degree AV block historical perspective |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Third degree AV block historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
- 1895: Willem Einthoven (1860 –1927) : invented the first practical electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
- 1894: Dr. Engelmann described a phenomenon of AV interval lengthening. Dr. Engelmann described a stimulus that is applied to the atrium followed by elongation of the AV interval.[1]
- 1899: Karel Frederik Wenckebach publishes a paper "On the analysis of irregular pulses" describing impairment of AV conduction leading to progressive lengthening and blockage of AV conduction in frogs. This will later be called Wenckebach block (Mobitz type I) or Wenckebach phenomenon.
- 1906: Einthoven: The first organised presentation of normal and abnormal electrocardiograms recorded with a string galvanometer. Left and right ventricular hypertrophy, left and right atrial hypertrophy, the U wave (for the first time), notching of the QRS, ventricular premature beats, ventricular bigeminy, atrial flutter and complete heart block are all described. Einthoven W. Le telecardiogramme. Arch Int de Physiol 1906;4:132-164 (translated into English. Am Heart J 1957;53:602-615)
- 1925: Dr. Ashmar further studied this blocked impulses and their impact on the conduction in the muscle of the heart. He stated the early blocked beats that follow a normal impulses have less effect on the conduction system.
Discovery
1906: Einthoven: The first organised presentation of normal and abnormal electrocardiograms recorded with a string galvanometer. Left and right ventricular hypertrophy, left and right atrial hypertrophy, the U wave (for the first time), notching of the QRS, ventricular premature beats, ventricular bigeminy, atrial flutter and complete heart block are all described. Einthoven W. Le telecardiogramme. Arch Int de Physiol 1906;4:132-164 (translated into English. Am Heart J 1957;53:602-615)
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- Paul Zoll - 1952: First temporary transcutaneous cardiac pacing.
- Seymour Furman -1958: temporary endocardial approach
- Åke Senningm and Elmqvist -1958: The First Implantable Pacemakers. He was a thoracic surgeon at the Karolinska Hospital in Stockholm, implanted myocardial electrodes and a pulse generator with a rechargeable nickel-cadmium battery in a 40-year-old patient.[2]
Impact on Cultural History
Famous Cases
The following are a few famous cases of third degree AV block:
References
- ↑ LANGENDORF R (1948). "Concealed A-V conduction; the effect of blocked impulses on the formation and conduction of subsequent impulses". Am Heart J. 35 (4): 542–52. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(48)90641-3. PMID 18907667.
- ↑ van Hemel NM, van der Wall EE (2008). "8 October 1958, D Day for the implantable pacemaker". Neth Heart J. 16 (Suppl 1): S3–4. PMC 2572009. PMID 18958267.