Spontaneous coronary artery dissection pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 20:01, 28 April 2021

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Microchapters

Home

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Spontaneous coronary artery dissection from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Approach

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Angiography

CT

MRI

Echocardiography

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Treatment Approach

Medical Therapy

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Type 1

Type 2A

Type 2B

Type 3

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arzu Kalayci, M.D. [2]; Nate Michalak, B.A.

Synonyms and keywords: SCAD

Overview

At present, the pathophysiology of non-atherosclerotic spontaneous coronary artery dissection (NA-SCAD) continues to be poorly understood due to the rarity of this condition and its heterogeneous pathology. Although intimal tear or bleeding of vasa vasorum with intermedial hemorrhage seems to be the most probable reason, the exact underlying mechanism is still unknown. In a SCAD registry, a total of 5% to 8% of patients were carriers of genetic mutations for connective tissue disorders. SCAD may also be associated with a variety of disorders including but not limited to fibromuscular dysplasia, Connective tissue disorders, and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematous.

Pathophysiology

Two possible mechanisms have been described for the arterial wall separation: [3]

Hematoxylin and trichrome stain of the coronary artery demonstrating an intramural hematoma compressing the vessel lumen from outside.
(Adapted from Br J Sports Med. 2012; 46(Suppl_1): i15–i21. under CC BY-NC license) [14]

Genetics

Associated Conditions

Conditions associated with SCAD include:

References

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