Serratia infection differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Serratia must be differentiated from other causes of [[urinary tract infection]], [[pneumonia]], [[endocarditis]], [[meningitis]], [[Skin and soft-tissue infections|soft tissue infections]], and [[Skin and soft-tissue infectionswound infection]]s. Differential diagnoses include other infections, such as infections caused by ''[[Staphylococcus]]'', ''[[Streptococcus]]'', ''[[E. coli]]'', ''[[Pseudomonas]]'', ''[[Haemophilus]]'', [[tuberculosis]], [[syphilis]], and other [[sexually transmitted infection]]s, as well as other non-infectious systemic diseases, such as [[tumor]]s, [[vasculitides]], and [[acute toxicity|chemical poisoning]].
==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
==Urinary Tract Infection==
==Urinary Tract Infection==
''Serratia'' urinary tract infection (UTI) must be differentiated from other causes of abdominal discomfort, dysuria, hematuria, pyuria, and/or polyuria, such as:
''Serratia'' urinary tract infection (UTI) must be differentiated from other causes of abdominal discomfort, dysuria, hematuria, pyuria, and/or polyuria, such as:
*Other causes of UTI
*Other causes of UTI
:*E. coli
:*''[[E. coli infection|E. coli]]''
:*''Enterobacter spp.''
:*''[[Enterobacter|Enterobacter spp.]]''
:*''Enterococcus spp.''
:*''[[Enterococcus|Enterococcus spp.]]''
:*''Haemophilus spp.''
:*''[[Haemophilus|Haemophilus spp.]]''
:*''Klebsiella spp.''
:*''[[Klebsiella|Klebsiella spp.]]''
:*''Mycoplasma spp.''
:*''[[Mycoplasma|Mycoplasma spp.]]''
:*''Proteus spp.''
:*''[[Proteus|Proteus spp.]]''
:*''Providencia spp.''
:*''[[Providencia|Providencia spp.]]''
:*''Pseudomonas spp.''
:*''[[Pseudomonas|Pseudomonas spp.]]''
:*''Staphylococcus spp.
:*''[[Staphylococcus|Staphylococcus spp.]]''
:*''Ureaplasma spp.''
:*''[[Ureaplasma|Ureaplasma spp.]]''
:*Tuberculous infection of the urinary tract
:*[[Tuberculosis|Tuberculous infection of the urinary tract]]
:*Sexually transmitted infections (e.g. ''Gonorrhea'' or ''Chlamydia'')
:*Sexually transmitted infections (e.g. ''[[N. gonorrhea]]'' or ''[[Chlamydia]]'')
:*Parasiticc infections (e.g. threadworms)
:*Parasitic infections (e.g. [[threadworms]])
:*Viruses (e.g. HSV)
:*Viruses (e.g. [[HSV]])
*Pyelonephritis (acute or chronic)
*[[Pyelonephritis]] (acute or chronic)
*Appendicitis
*[[Appendicitis]]
*Benign prostatic hypertrophy
*[[Benign prostatic hypertrophy]]
*Prostatitis
*[[Prostatitis]]
*Chronic pelvic pain
*[[Chronic pelvic pain]]
*Urinary tract obstruction
*[[Urinary tract obstruction]]
*Vesicoureteral reflux
*[[Vesicoureteral reflux]]
*Polycystic kidney disease
*[[Polycystic kidney disease]]
*Metal toxicity
*[[Acute toxicity|Metal toxicity]]
*Sarcoidosis
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*Genitourinary malignancy (e.g. bladder cancer)
*Genitourinary malignancy (e.g. [[bladder cancer]])
*Renal transplant rejection
*[[Renal transplant rejection]]
*Periurethral disease
*[[Interstitial cystitis]]
*Interstitial cystitis
*[[Atrophic vaginitis]]
*Atrophic vaginitis
*[[Vulvovaginitis]]
*Vulvovaginitis
*[[Urethritis]]
*Urethritis
*[[Behcet disease]]
*Behcet disease
*[[Epididymitis]]
*Epididymitis
*[[Pregnancy]]
*Pregnancy
*[[Fistula|Colovesical fistula]]
*Colovesical fistula
*[[Diverticulitis]]
*Diverticulitis
*[[Glomerulonephritis]]
*Glomerulonephritis
*[[Nephrolithiasis]]
*Nephrolithiasis
*[[Trauma]]
*Trauma
*[[Endometritis]]
*Ureterocele
*[[Pelvic inflammatory disease]]
*[[Ureterocele]]


===Pneumonia===
==Pneumonia==
''Serratia'' pneumonia must be differentiated from other causes of fever, chest pain, productive cough, dyspnea, and blood per sputum, such as:
''Serratia'' pneumonia must be differentiated from other causes of fever, chest pain, productive cough, dyspnea, and blood per sputum, such as:
*Other infectious causes of pneumonia:
*Other infectious causes of pneumonia:
:*''Streptococcus spp.''
:*''[[Streptococcus|Streptococcus spp.]]''
:*''Staphylococcus spp.''
:*''[[Staphylococcus|Staphylococcus spp.]]''
:*Anaerobes
:*[[Anaerobes]]
:*''Chlamydia spp.''
:*''[[Chlamydia|Chlamydia spp.]]''
:*''E. coli''
:*''[[E. coli]]''
:*''Haemophilus spp.''
:*''[[Haemophilus|Haemophilus spp.]]''
:*''Legionella spp.''
:*''[[Acinetobacter|Acinetobacter spp.]]''
:*''Tuberculosis''
:*''[[Legionella|Legionella spp.]]''
:*''Mycoplasma spp.''
:*''[[Tuberculosis]]'' or [[Mycobacterium|non-tuberculous ''Mycobacterium spp.]]'' (e.g. MAC)
:*''Moraxella spp.''
:*''[[Mycoplasma|Mycoplasma spp.]]''
:*''Pseudomonas spp.''
:*''[[Moraxella|Moraxella spp.]]''
:*Fungal infections (e.g. ''Candida'', ''Aspergillus'')
:*''[[Pseudomonas|Pseudomonas spp.]]''
:*''Pneumocystis pneumoniae infection''
:*Fungal infections (e.g. ''[[Candida]]'', ''[[Aspergillus]]'')
:*Viral pneumonia (e.g. influenza, parainfluenza, VZV, HSV, RSV, CMV, adenovirus, metapneumovirus, coronavirus, measels)
:*''[[Pneumocystis|Pneumocystis pneumoniae infection]]''
*Bronchiolitis
:*Viral pneumonia (e.g. [[influenza]], [[parainfluenza]], [[VZV]], [[HSV]], [[RSV]], [[CMV]], [[adenovirus]], [[metapneumovirus]], [[coronavirus]], [[measles]])
*Epiglottitis
:*Atypical infections ([[Q-fever]], [[tularemia]], [[psittacosis]])
*Asthma
*[[Bronchiolitis]]
*Respiratory distress syndrome
*[[Epiglottitis]]
*Atelectasis
*[[Asthma]]
*Broncchiectasis
*[[Interstitial lung disease]]
*Bronchitis
*[[Respiratory distress syndrome]]
*COPD exacerbation
*[[Atelectasis]]
*Foreign body aspiration
*[[Bronchiectasis]]
*Lung abscess
*[[Bronchitis]]
*Respiratory failure
*[[COPD|COPD exacerbation]]
*Pulmonary embolism
*[[Foreign body aspiration]]
*Chemical pneumonitis
*[[Lung abscess]]
*Sepsis
*[[Respiratory failure]]
*Sarcoidosis
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*Heart failure
*[[Chemical pneumonitis]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Heart failure]]
*Pulmonary of thoracic malignancy
*Pulmonary of thoracic malignancy


===Intra-abdominal Infection===
==Intra-abdominal Infection==
''Serratia'' intra-abdominal infection must be differentiated from other causes of abdominal pain and fever, such as:
''Serratia'' intra-abdominal infection must be differentiated from other causes of abdominal pain and fever, such as:
*Other intra-abdominal infections
:*''[[E. coli]]''
:*''[[Streptococcus|Streptococcus spp.]]''
:*''[[Lactobacillus|Lactobacillus spp.]]''
:*[[Enterococci]]
:*''[[Yersinia|Yersinia spp.]]''
:*''[[Klebsiella|Klebsiella spp.]]''
:*''[[Campylobacter|Campylobacter spp.]]''
:*''[[Acinetobacter|Acinetobacter spp.]]''
:*''[[Clostridium|Clostridium spp.]]''
:*''[[Proteus|Proteus spp.]]''
:*[[Pseudomonas|Pseudomonas spp.]]''
:*[[Anaerobes]]
:*Fungal infections (e.g. [[candidiasis]], [[histoplasmosis]], [[cryptococcosis]], [[coccidiodomycosis]])
:*Parasitic infections (e.g. [[amoebiasis]], [[giardiasis]], ''[[Cryptosporidium]]'')
*[[Peritonitis]]
*[[Familial Mediterranean fever]]
*[[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
*[[Celiac disease]]
*[[Meckel's diverticulum]]
*[[Myocardial infarction]]
*[[Abdominal mass|Abdominal tumor]]
*[[Hepatitis]] and [[liver disease]]
*[[Viscus|Perforated viscus]]
*[[Peritoneal cyst]]
*[[Pyelonephritis]]
*[[Splenosis]]
*[[Vasculitis]] (E.g. [[Henoch-Schonlein purpura]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[polyarteritis nodosa]])
*[[Appendicitis]]
*[[Ischemic colitis]]
*[[Portal|Portal vein thrombosis]] or [[mesenteric vein thrombosis]]
*[[Abdominal abscess]]
*[[Obstruction|Abdominal obstruction]]
*[[Volvulus]]
*[[Intussusception]]
*[[Ileus]]
*[[Pancreatitis]], [[pancreatic pseudocyst]], [[pancreatic abscess]], or [[pancreatic cancer]]
*[[Cholecystitis]] or [[cholangitis]]
*[[Diverticulitis]]
*[[Pelvic inflammatory disease]]
*[[Pregnancy]]
*[[Endometritis]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
===Meningitis / Cerebral Abscess===
===Meningitis / Cerebral Abscess===
''Serratia'' meningitis / cerebral abscess must be differentiated from other causes of headache, fever, and altered mental status, such as:
''Serratia'' meningitis / cerebral abscess must be differentiated from other causes of headache, fever, and altered mental status, such as:
*[[Encephalitis]]
*[[Delirium tremens]]
*[[Brain tumor]]
*[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
*[[Ischemic stroke]]
*[[Kawasaki disease]]
*[[Measles]]
*[[Monkeypox]]
*[[Rubella]]
*[[Coxsackie virus|Coxsackievirus infection]]
*[[Syphilis]]
*[[Molluscum contagiosum]]
*[[Infectious mononucleosis]]
*[[Erythema toxicum|Toxic erythema]]
*[[Rat-bite fever]]
*[[Parvovirus B19 infection]]
*[[Scarlet fever]]
*[[Leptospirosis]]
*[[Subdural empyema]]
*[[Febrile seizure]]
*[[Herpes simplex|Herpes simplex infection]]
*[[Herpes zoster|VZV infection]]
*[[Listeriosis]]
*[[E. coli infection]]
*[[Streptococcal infection]]
*[[Tick-borne disease]]
===Endocarditis===
===Endocarditis===
''Serratia'' endocarditis must be differentiated from other causes of fever, petechiae, and abnormal heart murmurs, such as:
''Serratia'' endocarditis must be differentiated from other causes of fever, petechiae, and abnormal heart murmurs, such as:
===HEENT Infections===
*Other causes of infectious endocarditis
''Serratia'' HEENT infections must be differentiated from other causes of eye infections (e.g. keratitis, endophthalmitis, and conjunctivitis), parotitis, or otitis, such as:
:*''[[Staphylococcus|Staphylococcus spp.]]''
===Soft Tissue Infections===
:*''[[Enterococcus]]''
''Serratia'' soft tissue infections must be differentiated from other causes of osteomyelitis, cellulitis, and phlebitis, such as:
:*[[Gram-negative bacilli]]
:*''[[Pseudomonas]]''
:*''[[Streptococcus bovis|S. bovis]]''
:*[[HACEK organisms]]
:*''[[Chlamydia|Chlamydia spp.]]''
:*''[[Coxiella burnetii infection|Coxiella burnetii]]''
:*''[[Bartonella]]''
:*''[[Tropheryma whipplei]]''
:*''[[Citrobacter koseri]]''
:*''[[Neisseria|Neisseria bacilliformis]]''
*[[Lyme disease]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*[[Drug fever]]
*[[Cotton fever]]
*[[Tuberculosis]]
*[[Candidiasis]]
*[[Aspergillosis]]
*[[Histoplasmosis]]
*[[Coccidiodomycosis]]
*[[Blastomycosis]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Sepsis]]
 
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 20:38, 6 February 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Serratia must be differentiated from other causes of urinary tract infection, pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis, soft tissue infections, and Skin and soft-tissue infectionswound infections. Differential diagnoses include other infections, such as infections caused by Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, E. coli, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, tuberculosis, syphilis, and other sexually transmitted infections, as well as other non-infectious systemic diseases, such as tumors, vasculitides, and chemical poisoning.

Differential Diagnosis

Urinary Tract Infection

Serratia urinary tract infection (UTI) must be differentiated from other causes of abdominal discomfort, dysuria, hematuria, pyuria, and/or polyuria, such as:

  • Other causes of UTI

Pneumonia

Serratia pneumonia must be differentiated from other causes of fever, chest pain, productive cough, dyspnea, and blood per sputum, such as:

  • Other infectious causes of pneumonia:

Intra-abdominal Infection

Serratia intra-abdominal infection must be differentiated from other causes of abdominal pain and fever, such as:

  • Other intra-abdominal infections

Meningitis / Cerebral Abscess

Serratia meningitis / cerebral abscess must be differentiated from other causes of headache, fever, and altered mental status, such as:

Endocarditis

Serratia endocarditis must be differentiated from other causes of fever, petechiae, and abnormal heart murmurs, such as:

  • Other causes of infectious endocarditis

References

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