Second degree AV block classification: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 98: Line 98:
*Another type of classification used to classify second-degree AV block is 2:1 [[AV block]] and [[high-grade AV block]].
*Another type of classification used to classify second-degree AV block is 2:1 [[AV block]] and [[high-grade AV block]].
*  In 2:1 [[AV block ]] every other [[atrial]] impulse is conducted down the [[ventricle]].
*  In 2:1 [[AV block ]] every other [[atrial]] impulse is conducted down the [[ventricle]].
* Higher grade blocks (eg., 3:1) unlike [[third degree AV block]] conduct few beats down the [[ventricle]].
* Higher grade AV blocks (eg., 3:1) unlike [[third degree AV block]] conduct few beats down the [[ventricle]].


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 05:11, 10 July 2021

Second degree AV block Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Second degree AV block from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

EKG Examples

Chest X Ray

Echocardiography

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Second degree AV block classification On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Second degree AV block classification

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Second degree AV block classification

CDC on Second degree AV block classification

Second degree AV block classification in the news

Blogs on Second degree AV block classification

Directions to Hospitals Treating Second degree AV block

Risk calculators and risk factors for Second degree AV block classification

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Mohammed Salih, M.D., Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3], Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [4]

Overview

There are 4 distinct types of second degree AV block. The distinction is made between them because type 1 second-degree heart block is considered a more benign entity than the other types. In mobitz type 1 second degree AV block there is evidence of gradually PR prolongation and dropped beat and grouped beating pattern. In mobitz type 2 AV block there is suddenly dopped beats without evidence of preceding PR prolongation. In atrioventricular block with the pattern of 2:1, there is every other beat without conducting down to the ventricle. In a high-grade AV block, there are two or more consecutive P waves without conduction to the ventricle.

Classification

[1]

Term Classification Definition
Atrioventricular block First-degree atrioventricular block
Second- degree atrioventricular block
  • P waves with a constant rate (<100 bpm)
  • Presence of periodic single non conducted P wave associated with P waves before and after the non conducted P wave with inconstant PR intervals
  • Presence of P waves with a constant rate (< 100 bpm) with a periodic single non conducted P wave associated with other P waves before and after the non conducted P wave with constant PR intervals (excluding 2:1 atrioventricular block)
Third-degree atrioventricular block (complete heart block)











Type 1 (Mobitz I / Wenckebach)

  • Type 1 second degree AV block, also known as Mobitz I or Wenckebach periodicity which is a disease of the AV node[2][3].
  • Mobitz I heart block is characterized by progressive prolongation of the PR interval on the electrocardiogram (EKG) on consecutive beats followed by a blocked P wave (i.e. a 'dropped' QRS complex).
  • After the dropped QRS complex, the PR interval resets and the cycle repeats.
  • One of the baseline assumptions when determining if an individual has Mobitz I heart block is that the atrial rhythm has to be regular.
  • If the atrial rhythm is not regular, there could be alternative explanations as to why certain P waves do not conduct to the ventricles.
  • This is a benign condition for which no specific treatment is needed.

Type 2 (Mobitz II)

  • Type 2 second degree AV block, also known as Mobitz II is almost always a disease of the distal conduction system (His-Purkinje System).
  • Although the terms intranodal block or infrahisian block are often applied to this disorder, they are not synonymous with it.
  • Infranodal block and infra-Hisian block are terms that refer to the anatomic location of the block, whereas,
  • Mobitz II refers to an electrocardiographic pattern associated with block at these levels[4].

Differentiating Mobitz I from Mobitz II in the Presence of a 2:1 Conduction

Likely EKG findings that help differentiate Mobitz type I from type II in the presence of a 2:1 conduction ratio include:

References

  1. Kusumoto, Fred M.; Schoenfeld, Mark H.; Barrett, Coletta; Edgerton, James R.; Ellenbogen, Kenneth A.; Gold, Michael R.; Goldschlager, Nora F.; Hamilton, Robert M.; Joglar, José A.; Kim, Robert J.; Lee, Richard; Marine, Joseph E.; McLeod, Christopher J.; Oken, Keith R.; Patton, Kristen K.; Pellegrini, Cara N.; Selzman, Kimberly A.; Thompson, Annemarie; Varosy, Paul D. (2019). "2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society". Circulation. 140 (8). doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000628. ISSN 0009-7322.
  2. Mangi MA, Jones WM, Napier L. PMID 29493981. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. Kashou AH, Goyal A, Nguyen T, Chhabra L. PMID 29083636. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. Li X, Xue Y, Wu H (2018). "A Case of Atrioventricular Block Potentially Associated with Right Coronary Artery Lesion and Ticagrelor Therapy Mediated by the Increasing Adenosine Plasma Concentration". Case Rep Vasc Med. 2018: 9385017. doi:10.1155/2018/9385017. PMC 5933017. PMID 29850368.
  5. Fu Md J, Bhatta L (2018). "Lyme carditis: Early occurrence and prolonged recovery". J Electrocardiol. 51 (3): 516–518. doi:10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2017.12.035. PMID 29275956.
  6. Tuohy S, Saliba W, Pai M, Tchou P (January 2018). "Catheter ablation as a treatment of atrioventricular block". Heart Rhythm. 15 (1): 90–96. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.08.015. PMID 28823599.
  7. Schernthaner C, Kraus J, Danmayr F, Hammerer M, Schneider J, Hoppe UC, Strohmer B (March 2016). "Short-term pacemaker dependency after transcatheter aortic valve implantation". Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 128 (5–6): 198–203. doi:10.1007/s00508-015-0906-4. PMID 26745972.


Template:WikiDoc Sources