Scoliosis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Prevalance==
Scoliotic curves greater than 10° affect 2-3% of the population of the United States. Curves greater than 20° affect about 40 in 100,000 people. Curves convex to the right are more common than those to the left, and single or 'C' curves are slightly more common than double or 'S' curve patterns. Males are more likely to have infantile or juvenile scoliosis, but there is a high female predominance of adolescent scoliosis. Young males are seven times more likely than young females to develop a significant, progressive curvature. Females are nine times more likely to require treatment than males as they tend to have larger, more progressive curves.
==Gender==
* The prevalence of curves less than 20° is about equal in males and females.
* Males are more likely to have infantile or juvenile scoliosis, but there is a high female predominance of adolescent scoliosis.
* Young males are seven times more likely than young females to develop a significant, progressive curvature.
* Females are nine times more likely to require treatment than males as they tend to have larger, more progressive curves.
==Overview==
==Overview==
[[Scoliosis]] is the most common [[Spinal Arthritis|spinal deformity]]. The prevalence of [[scoliosis]] is approximately 470-5200 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Patients of all age groups may develop [[scoliosis]]. Curves convex to the right are more common than those to the left, and single or 'C' curves are slightly more common than double or 'S' curve patterns. [[Scoliosis]] usually affects individuals of African-American race  more than any other race. The female to male ratio is approximately 1.5-3 to 1 for [[idiopathic scoliosis]], whereas its equal gender predilection for [[congenital scoliosis]].


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Incidence===
[[Scoliosis]] is the most common [[spinal deformity]]. Highest incidence of [[scoliosis]] is in [[adoloscent]] women. Epidemiology and demographics of [[scoliosis]] is as follows:<ref name="pmid24432052">{{cite journal| author=Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R| title=Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. | journal=J Child Orthop | year= 2013 | volume= 7 | issue= 1 | pages= 3-9 | pmid=24432052 | doi=10.1007/s11832-012-0457-4 | pmc=3566258 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24432052  }} </ref>
*The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.


===Prevalence===
===Prevalence===
*The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*The prevalence of [[scoliosis]] is approximately 470-5200 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.<ref name="pmid24432052">{{cite journal| author=Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R| title=Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. | journal=J Child Orthop | year= 2013 | volume= 7 | issue= 1 | pages= 3-9 | pmid=24432052 | doi=10.1007/s11832-012-0457-4 | pmc=3566258 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24432052  }} </ref>
*In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.
 
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate===
*In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
*The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].


===Age===
===Age===
*Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
*Patients of all age groups may develop [[scoliosis]].
*The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
*[[Congenital scoliosis]] develops at the age of 0–3 years and have a prevalence of 1000 per 100,000 individuals.<ref name="pmid24432052">{{cite journal| author=Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R| title=Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. | journal=J Child Orthop | year= 2013 | volume= 7 | issue= 1 | pages= 3-9 | pmid=24432052 | doi=10.1007/s11832-012-0457-4 | pmc=3566258 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24432052  }} </ref>
*[Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.  
*[[Adolescent scoliosis]] develops at the age of 11–18 years and accounts for approximately 90 % of cases of idiopathic scoliosis in children.
*[Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
*[[Scoliosis]] has a prevalence of more than 8000 per 100,000 in adults over the age of 25 and rises up 68000 per 100,000 individuals in the age of over 60 years, caused by degenerative changes in the aging [[spine]].
*[Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].


===Race===
===Race===
*There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
*[[Scoliosis]] usually affects individuals of African-American race.<ref name="pmid3501989">{{cite journal| author=Carter OD, Haynes SG| title=Prevalence rates for scoliosis in US adults: results from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. | journal=Int J Epidemiol | year= 1987 | volume= 16 | issue= 4 | pages= 537-44 | pmid=3501989 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3501989  }} </ref>
*[Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
 
===Gender===
The severity of curve according to race is as follows:<ref name="pmid24099683">{{cite journal| author=Zavatsky JM, Peters AJ, Nahvi FA, Bharucha NJ, Trobisch PD, Kean KE et al.| title=Disease severity and treatment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: the impact of race and economic status. | journal=Spine J | year= 2015 | volume= 15 | issue= 5 | pages= 939-43 | pmid=24099683 | doi=10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.043 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24099683  }} </ref>
*[Disease name] affects men and women equally.
*[Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
===Region===
*The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].


*[Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].
{| class="wikitable"
|+
Severity of scoliotic curve according to race
!Race
!Mean Curve Magnitude
|-
|African - American
|33<sup>0</sup>
|-
|Caucasian
|28<sup>0</sup>
|-
|Hispanic
|27<sup>0</sup>
|-
|Asian
|28<sup>0</sup>
|-
|Others
|28<sup>0</sup>
|}


===Developed Countries===
===Gender===
*Females are more commonly affected by [[idiopathic scoliosis]] than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 1.5-3 to 1.<ref name="pmid24432052" /><ref name="pmid21274729">{{cite journal| author=Suh SW, Modi HN, Yang JH, Hong JY| title=Idiopathic scoliosis in Korean schoolchildren: a prospective screening study of over 1 million children. | journal=Eur Spine J | year= 2011 | volume= 20 | issue= 7 | pages= 1087-94 | pmid=21274729 | doi=10.1007/s00586-011-1695-8 | pmc=3176687 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21274729  }} </ref><ref name="pmid3980521">{{cite journal| author=Daruwalla JS, Balasubramaniam P, Chay SO, Rajan U, Lee HP| title=Idiopathic scoliosis. Prevalence and ethnic distribution in Singapore schoolchildren. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Br | year= 1985 | volume= 67 | issue= 2 | pages= 182-4 | pmid=3980521 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3980521  }} </ref><ref name="pmid6802853">{{cite journal| author=Lonstein JE, Bjorklund S, Wanninger MH, Nelson RP| title=Voluntary school screening for scoliosis in Minnesota. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 1982 | volume= 64 | issue= 4 | pages= 481-8 | pmid=6802853 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6802853  }} </ref><ref name="pmid7217757">{{cite journal| author=Asher M, Green P, Orrick J| title=A six-year report: spinal deformity screening in Kansas school children. | journal=J Kans Med Soc | year= 1980 | volume= 81 | issue= 12 | pages= 568-71 | pmid=7217757 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7217757  }} </ref>
*[[Congenital scoliosis]] affects males and females equally.


===Developing Countries===
===Region===
*The majority of [[scoliosis]] cases are reported in Germany.<ref name="pmid24432052" />


==References==
==References==
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Latest revision as of 19:57, 12 December 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]

Overview

Scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity. The prevalence of scoliosis is approximately 470-5200 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. Patients of all age groups may develop scoliosis. Curves convex to the right are more common than those to the left, and single or 'C' curves are slightly more common than double or 'S' curve patterns. Scoliosis usually affects individuals of African-American race more than any other race. The female to male ratio is approximately 1.5-3 to 1 for idiopathic scoliosis, whereas its equal gender predilection for congenital scoliosis.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity. Highest incidence of scoliosis is in adoloscent women. Epidemiology and demographics of scoliosis is as follows:[1]

Prevalence

  • The prevalence of scoliosis is approximately 470-5200 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]

Age

  • Patients of all age groups may develop scoliosis.
  • Congenital scoliosis develops at the age of 0–3 years and have a prevalence of 1000 per 100,000 individuals.[1]
  • Adolescent scoliosis develops at the age of 11–18 years and accounts for approximately 90 % of cases of idiopathic scoliosis in children.
  • Scoliosis has a prevalence of more than 8000 per 100,000 in adults over the age of 25 and rises up 68000 per 100,000 individuals in the age of over 60 years, caused by degenerative changes in the aging spine.

Race

  • Scoliosis usually affects individuals of African-American race.[2]

The severity of curve according to race is as follows:[3]

Severity of scoliotic curve according to race
Race Mean Curve Magnitude
African - American 330
Caucasian 280
Hispanic 270
Asian 280
Others 280

Gender

Region

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R (2013). "Epidemiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis". J Child Orthop. 7 (1): 3–9. doi:10.1007/s11832-012-0457-4. PMC 3566258. PMID 24432052.
  2. ↑ Carter OD, Haynes SG (1987). "Prevalence rates for scoliosis in US adults: results from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey". Int J Epidemiol. 16 (4): 537–44. PMID 3501989.
  3. ↑ Zavatsky JM, Peters AJ, Nahvi FA, Bharucha NJ, Trobisch PD, Kean KE; et al. (2015). "Disease severity and treatment in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: the impact of race and economic status". Spine J. 15 (5): 939–43. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.043. PMID 24099683.
  4. ↑ Suh SW, Modi HN, Yang JH, Hong JY (2011). "Idiopathic scoliosis in Korean schoolchildren: a prospective screening study of over 1 million children". Eur Spine J. 20 (7): 1087–94. doi:10.1007/s00586-011-1695-8. PMC 3176687. PMID 21274729.
  5. ↑ Daruwalla JS, Balasubramaniam P, Chay SO, Rajan U, Lee HP (1985). "Idiopathic scoliosis. Prevalence and ethnic distribution in Singapore schoolchildren". J Bone Joint Surg Br. 67 (2): 182–4. PMID 3980521.
  6. ↑ Lonstein JE, Bjorklund S, Wanninger MH, Nelson RP (1982). "Voluntary school screening for scoliosis in Minnesota". J Bone Joint Surg Am. 64 (4): 481–8. PMID 6802853.
  7. ↑ Asher M, Green P, Orrick J (1980). "A six-year report: spinal deformity screening in Kansas school children". J Kans Med Soc. 81 (12): 568–71. PMID 7217757.

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