Retinitis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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VisualWikitext

Revision as of 19:12, 19 April 2016

Overview

The hallmark of retinitis is overall vision loss. A positive history of disturbances in color perception and night blindness is suggestive of retinitis. Other symptoms of retinitis include the loss of peripheral vision and cone-rod dystrophy. ^[1]

Symptoms

Genetic

Retinitis Pigmentosa

Vision loss
Tunnel vision^[2]
Clear central vision accompanied by the loss of peripheral vision
Cone-rod dystrophy
Disturbances in color perception
Night blindness^[3]

Infectious Agents

Cytomegalovirus

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis may persist as an asymptomatic disease.
Common symptoms associated with CMV retinitis include:

Defects in a patient's peripheral vision
Scotomata
Floaters
Central retinal lesions
Lesions on the macula or optic nerve^[4]
Blurred vision
Retinal hemorrhaging ^[5]

Tuberculosis

Fungal

Candida albicans

Decreased vision
Pain due to uveitis^[5]

Aspergillus fumigatus

Rapid progression of vision loss
Retinal vessel thrombosis, infarction, and necrosis

Cryptococcus neoformans

Intermittent blurring
Vitritis ^[5]

Toxoplasmosis

Reduced vision
Seeing floaters^[5]

Syphilis

Reduced vision
Contraction of visual fields^[5]

References

↑ Retinitis Pigmentosa. U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001029.htm
↑ National Human Genome Research Institute. Retinitis Pigmentosa. https://www.genome.gov/13514348. Accessed March 28, 2016.
↑ Retinitis Pigmentosa. U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://www.genome.gov/13514348
↑ Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents. AIDS Info. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/4/adult-and-adolescent-oi-prevention-and-treatment-guidelines/337/cmv. Accessed April 13, 2016.
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016.

Template:WH Template:WS

[US_LIB-1] Retinitis Pigmentosa. U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001029.htm

[2] National Human Genome Research Institute. Retinitis Pigmentosa. https://www.genome.gov/13514348. Accessed March 28, 2016.

[US_GEN-3] Retinitis Pigmentosa. U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://www.genome.gov/13514348

[NIH_Guide-4] Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents. AIDS Info. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/4/adult-and-adolescent-oi-prevention-and-treatment-guidelines/337/cmv. Accessed April 13, 2016.

[ret_phys-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 ====Retinitis Pigmentosa====
-*Vision loss
+*[[Vision loss (patient information)|Vision loss]]
-*Tunnel vision<ref>National Human Genome Research Institute. Retinitis Pigmentosa. https://www.genome.gov/13514348. Accessed March 28, 2016.</ref>
+*[[Tunnel vision]]<ref>National Human Genome Research Institute. Retinitis Pigmentosa. https://www.genome.gov/13514348. Accessed March 28, 2016.</ref>
-*Clear central vision accompanied by the loss of peripheral vision
+*Clear central vision accompanied by the loss of [[peripheral vision]]
-*Cone-rod dystrophy
+*[[Cone-rod dystrophy]]
-*Disturbances in color perception
+*Disturbances in [[color perception]]
-*Night blindness<ref name="US GEN">Retinitis Pigmentosa. U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://www.genome.gov/13514348 </ref>
+*[[Nyctalopia|Night blindness]]<ref name="US GEN">Retinitis Pigmentosa. U.S. National Library of Medicine. https://www.genome.gov/13514348 </ref>
 ===Infectious Agents===
 ====Cytomegalovirus====
-*Cytomegalovirus retinitis may persist as an asymptomatic disease.
+*[[Cytomegalovirus (patient information)|Cytomegalovirus]]  (CMV) retinitis may persist as an [[asymptomatic]] disease.
-*Common symptoms associated with CMV include:
+*Common symptoms associated with CMV retinitis include:
-:*Defects in a patient's peripheral vision
+:*Defects in a patient's [[peripheral vision]]
 :*Scotomata
-:*Floaters
+:*[[Floaters]]
-:*Central retinal lesions
+:*Central [[retinal]] [[lesions]]
-:*Lesions on the macula or optic nerve<ref name="NIH Guide">Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents. AIDS Info. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/4/adult-and-adolescent-oi-prevention-and-treatment-guidelines/337/cmv. Accessed April 13, 2016.</ref>
+:*Lesions on the [[macula]] or [[optic nerve]]<ref name="NIH Guide">Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents. AIDS Info. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/html/4/adult-and-adolescent-oi-prevention-and-treatment-guidelines/337/cmv. Accessed April 13, 2016.</ref>
-:*Blurred vision
+:*[[Blurred vision]]
-:*Retinal hemorrhaging <ref name= "ret phys"> Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
+:*[[Retinal]] [[hemorrhaging]] <ref name="ret phys">Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
 ====Tuberculosis====
-*Vitreous infiltrates
+*[[Vitreous|Vitreous infiltrates]]
-*Neovascularization
+*[[Neovascularization]]
-*Neuroretinitis
+*[[Neuroretinitis]]
-*Retinal hemorrhaging <ref name= "ret phys"> Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
+*Retinal [[hemorrhaging]] <ref name="ret phys">Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
 ====Fungal====
 =====''Candida albicans''=====
 *Decreased vision
-*Pain due to uveitis<ref name= "ret phys"> Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
+*Pain due to [[uveitis]]<ref name="ret phys">Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
 ====''Aspergillus fumigatus''====
-*Rapid progression of vision loss
+*Rapid progression of [[vision loss]]
-*Retinal vessel thrombosis, infarction, and necrosis
+*Retinal [[Thrombosis|vessel thrombosis]], [[infarction]], and [[necrosis]]
 ====''Cryptococcus neoformans''====
 *Intermittent blurring
-*Vitritis <ref name= "ret phys"> Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
+*Vitritis <ref name="ret phys">Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
 ====Toxoplasmosis====
 *Reduced vision
-*Seeing floaters<ref name= "ret phys"> Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
+*Seeing [[floaters]]<ref name="ret phys">Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
 ====Syphilis====
-*Reduced vision
+*Reduced [[Blurred vision|vision]]
-*Contraction of visual fields<ref name= "ret phys"> Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
+*Contraction of [[Visual field|visual fields]]<ref name="ret phys">Infectious Retinitis: A Review. YACHNA AHUJA, MD · STEVEN M. COUCH, MD · RAYMUND R. RAZONABLE, MD · SOPHIE J. BAKRI, MD. http://www.retinalphysician.com/articleviewer.aspx?articleID=102293. Accessed April 13, 2016. </ref>
 ==References==