Pyloric stenosis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]

Overview

Patients with infantile pyloric stenosis usually appear ill and toxic. physical examination of patients with infantile pyloric stenosis is usually remarkable for palpation of an abdominal mass in epigastrium.This mass, which consists of the enlarged pylorus, is referred to as the 'olive,'

OR

Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].

Physical Examination

The presence of palpation of an abdominal mass and visible peristalsis on physical examination is diagnostic of infantile pyloric stenosis.

Appearance of the Patient

Patients with infantile pyloric stenosis usually appear ill and toxic.

Vital Signs

• Hypothermia may be present
• Tachycardia with regular pulse may be present
• Tachypnea may be present

Skin

• Cyanosis may be present

• Poor skin turgur may be present

• Jaundice may be present
• Pallor may be present

HEENT

• Icteric sclera may be present
• Depressed fontanelles may be present
• Decereased tearing may be present

Neck

Physical examination of neck is usually normal.

Lungs

Physical examination of lungs is usually normal.

Heart

Physical examination of heart is usually normal.

Abdomen

• Abdominal tenderness in the right upper abdominal quadrant may be present.
• Palpation of the abdomen may reveal a mass in the epigastrium. This mass, which consists of the enlarged pylorus, is referred to as the 'olive,' and is sometimes evident after the infant is given formula to drink. It is an elusive diagnostic skill requiring much patience and experience.
• There are often palpable (or even visible) peristaltic waves due to stomach trying to force its contents past the narrowed pyloric outlet.

Back

Physical examination of back is usually normal.

Genitourinary

Physical examination of genitourinary system is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

Physical examination of neuromuscular system is usually normal.

Extremities

Physical examination of extremities is usually normal.