Portal vein thrombosis overview

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

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Overview

Portal vein thrombosis is a form of venous thrombosis affecting the hepatic portal vein, which can lead to portal hypertension and reduction in the blood supply to the liver.

Portal vein thrombosis
Portal vein thrombosis in computertomography.
ICD-10	I81
ICD-9	452

Causes

Causes can include pancreatitis, cirrhosis, diverticulitis, and cholangiocarcinoma. It is also a known complication of splenectomy. Drugs such as Romiplostim.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis is usually made by ultrasound, computed tomography with contrast or magnetic resonance imaging. D-dimer levels in the blood blood may be elevated as a result of fibrin degradation.

Imaging Findings

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  Portal vein thrombosis on computed tomography (left) and cavernous transformation of the portal vein after 1 year (right)

Treatment

Treatments include anticoagulants, shunts, bypass surgery, and transplants.

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