Pericarditis

Pericarditis
Mesothelial cyst of the pericardium. Note the rounded mass in the right costophrenic angle (arrow). Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology
ICD-10	I01.0, I09.2, I30-I32
ICD-9	420.90
DiseasesDB	9820
MedlinePlus	000182
eMedicine	med/1781  emerg/412
MeSH	C14.280.720

Pericarditis Microchapters
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Pericardial Effusion
Cardiac Tamponade
Constrictive Pericarditis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]  ; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, effusive pericarditis, effusive constrictive pericarditis

Pathophysiology & Etiology

Overview | Pericarditis causes

Differential Diagnosis for Diseases of the Pericardium

Pericarditis differential diagnosis | Acute Pericarditis | Chronic Pericarditis

Clinical presentation

Chest pain, radiating to the back and relieved by sitting up forward and worsened by lying down, is the classical presentation. Other symptoms of pericarditis may include dry cough, fever, fatigue and anxiety. Pericarditis can be misdiagnosed as myocardial infarction, and vice versa.

The classic sign of pericarditis is a friction rub. Other signs include ST-elevation and PR-depression on EKG (all leads); cardiac tamponade (pulsus paradoxus with hypotension), and congestive heart failure (elevated jugular venous pressure with peripheral edema).

Natural History

Most cases of acute idiopathic pericarditis resolve without complications or recurrence. Complications may include:

• Pericardial effusion
• Constrictive pericarditis
• Cardiac tamponade [3]

Types & Forms of Pericarditis

• A. Congenital Diseases of the Pericardium

• Congenital absence of the pericardium
• Pericardial cysts

• B. Acquired Diseases of the Pericardium

• Pneumopericardium

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings

See Also

• Hemopericardium
• Pneumopericardium
• Chylopericardium
• Pericardial effusion
• Congenital absence of the pericardium
• Pericardial window
• Pericardial sac
• Pericardial friction rub
• Pericardiectomy
• Pericardiocentesis
• Pericardium

Suggested Links and Web Resources

• Pericarditis - Mayo Clinic series
• Pericarditis - cardiologychannel.com

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