Opisthorchiasis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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15.7% in North East Thailand,<br/> | 15.7% in North East Thailand,<br/> | ||
3.8% in Central Thailand,<br/> | 3.8% in Central Thailand,<br/> | ||
0% in Southern Thailand. | 0% in Southern Thailand. | ||
Opisthorchiasis is prevalent in geographical regions where raw [[cyprinid]] fishes are a staple of the diet of humans. | Opisthorchiasis is prevalent in geographical regions where raw [[cyprinid]] fishes are a staple of the diet of humans. The [[prevalence]] of human infection can be as high as 70% in some regions, for example in [[Khon Kaen Province]] in Thailand. The parasite establishes in the [[bile duct]]s of the liver as well as [[extrahepatic duct]]s and the [[gall bladder]] of the mammalian (definitive) host. | ||
Children under the age of 5 are rarely infected by ''Opisthorchis viverrini''. | Children under the age of 5 are rarely infected by ''Opisthorchis viverrini''. | ||
In the [[Lao People's Democratic Republic]], the prevalence of opisthorchiasis was: | In the [[Lao People's Democratic Republic]], the prevalence of opisthorchiasis was: | ||
* 40% in 1992 causing about 1 744 000 people infected | * 40% in 1992 causing about 1 744 000 people infected | ||
In Thailand, the prevalence of opisthorchiasis was: | In Thailand, the prevalence of opisthorchiasis was: | ||
* scaterred reports by Verdun & Bruyant (1908), Leiper (1911), Prommas (1927), Bedier & Chesneau (1929) | * scaterred reports by Verdun & Bruyant (1908), Leiper (1911), Prommas (1927), Bedier & Chesneau (1929) | ||
* The national control programme have started in Thailand in 1950. | * The national control programme have started in Thailand in 1950. | ||
* 25% in 1953 causing about 2 million infected people. | * 25% in 1953 causing about 2 million infected people. The first widespread report of opisthorchiasis in Thailand was in 1953. | ||
* 1965: over 3.5 millions infected people | * 1965: over 3.5 millions infected people | ||
* 14% in 1980-1981 causing about 7 million infected people. | * 14% in 1980-1981 causing about 7 million infected people. | ||
* 63.6% in 1984-1987, | * 63.6% in 1984-1987, but another [[WHO]] report mention prevalence 35% in Nort-east Thailand for 1984. | ||
* 35.6% in 1988 | * 35.6% in 1988 | ||
* 30% in 1989 | * 30% in 1989 | ||
* The decline of opisthorchiasis was caused by opisthorchiasis control programme, that includes health education including [[mass distribution]] of [[cooking pot]]s | * The decline of opisthorchiasis was caused by opisthorchiasis control programme, that includes health education including [[mass distribution]] of [[cooking pot]]s and using [[praziquantel]], that was available since 1984. | ||
* 15.2% in 1991 causing 7 million infected people. | * 15.2% in 1991 causing 7 million infected people. About 45 million people were at risk of infection. There was prevalence 22.8% in North Thailand, 24.0% in North East Thailand, 7.3% in Central Thailand and 0.3% in Southern Thailand. | ||
* 12% in 1996 | * 12% in 1996 | ||
* In 1992-1996 the [[National Public Health Development Plan]] used the strategy by the Faculty of Tropical Medicine, [[Mahidol University]] against opisthorchiasis. | * In 1992-1996 the [[National Public Health Development Plan]] used the strategy by the Faculty of Tropical Medicine, [[Mahidol University]] against opisthorchiasis. | ||
* 7% in 2000 | * 7% in 2000 | ||
* 9.4% in 2001 | * 9.4% in 2001 In Thailand, the prevalence of opisthorchiasis is 9.4% in 2001, causing about 6 million people are infected with ''Opisthorchis viverrini''. | ||
''Opisthorchis viverrini'' was thought to be the only species of [[liver fluke]] in Thailand, | ''Opisthorchis viverrini'' was thought to be the only species of [[liver fluke]] in Thailand,but [[PCR]] techniques have revealed also ''[[Clonorchis sinensis]]'' in (central) Thailand in 2008. | ||
Another reference from 2002 lists worldwide number of cases about 9 million (without year of estimation). | Another reference from 2002 lists worldwide number of cases about 9 million (without year of estimation). | ||
In 2005, 67.3 million of people worldwide are at risk of infection. | In 2005, 67.3 million of people worldwide are at risk of infection. | ||
Keiser & Utzinger (2005) have speculated that [[aquaculture]] development is the key risk factor for foodborne trematodiases including opisthorchiasis caused by ''Opisthorchis viverrini''. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | [[Category:Needs overview]] | ||
[[Category:Helminthiases]] | [[Category:Helminthiases]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Parasitic diseases]] | [[Category:Parasitic diseases]] | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 18:32, 18 September 2017
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Opisthorchiasis epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Opisthorchiasis epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
O. viverrini is found mainly in northeast Thailand, Laos, and Kampuchea. O. felineus is found mainly in Europe and Asia, including the former Soviet Union.
[[File:Incidence of CCA and O. viverrini in Thailand from 1990–2001.jpg|thumb|Prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini in Thailand in 1990–2001 correlates with a higher cholangiocarcinoma:
19.3% in North Thailand,
15.7% in North East Thailand,
3.8% in Central Thailand,
0% in Southern Thailand.
Opisthorchiasis is prevalent in geographical regions where raw cyprinid fishes are a staple of the diet of humans. The prevalence of human infection can be as high as 70% in some regions, for example in Khon Kaen Province in Thailand. The parasite establishes in the bile ducts of the liver as well as extrahepatic ducts and the gall bladder of the mammalian (definitive) host.
Children under the age of 5 are rarely infected by Opisthorchis viverrini.
In the Lao People's Democratic Republic, the prevalence of opisthorchiasis was:
- 40% in 1992 causing about 1 744 000 people infected
In Thailand, the prevalence of opisthorchiasis was:
- scaterred reports by Verdun & Bruyant (1908), Leiper (1911), Prommas (1927), Bedier & Chesneau (1929)
- The national control programme have started in Thailand in 1950.
- 25% in 1953 causing about 2 million infected people. The first widespread report of opisthorchiasis in Thailand was in 1953.
- 1965: over 3.5 millions infected people
- 14% in 1980-1981 causing about 7 million infected people.
- 63.6% in 1984-1987, but another WHO report mention prevalence 35% in Nort-east Thailand for 1984.
- 35.6% in 1988
- 30% in 1989
- The decline of opisthorchiasis was caused by opisthorchiasis control programme, that includes health education including mass distribution of cooking pots and using praziquantel, that was available since 1984.
- 15.2% in 1991 causing 7 million infected people. About 45 million people were at risk of infection. There was prevalence 22.8% in North Thailand, 24.0% in North East Thailand, 7.3% in Central Thailand and 0.3% in Southern Thailand.
- 12% in 1996
- In 1992-1996 the National Public Health Development Plan used the strategy by the Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University against opisthorchiasis.
- 7% in 2000
- 9.4% in 2001 In Thailand, the prevalence of opisthorchiasis is 9.4% in 2001, causing about 6 million people are infected with Opisthorchis viverrini.
Opisthorchis viverrini was thought to be the only species of liver fluke in Thailand,but PCR techniques have revealed also Clonorchis sinensis in (central) Thailand in 2008.
Another reference from 2002 lists worldwide number of cases about 9 million (without year of estimation).
In 2005, 67.3 million of people worldwide are at risk of infection.
Keiser & Utzinger (2005) have speculated that aquaculture development is the key risk factor for foodborne trematodiases including opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini.