Melanoma overview
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocytes which are found predominantly in skin but also in the bowel and the eye (see uveal melanoma). It is one of the rarer types of skin cancer but causes the majority of skin cancer related deaths.[1][2] Despite many years of intensive laboratory and clinical research, the sole effective cure is surgical resection of the primary tumor before it achieves a thickness greater than 1 mm.
Around 160,000 new cases of melanoma are diagnosed worldwide each year, and it is more frequent in males and caucasians.[3] It is more common in caucasian populations living in sunny climates than other groups.[4] According to the WHO Report about 48,000 melanoma related deaths occur worldwide per annum.[5]
The treatment includes surgical removal of the tumor; adjuvant treatment; chemo- and immunotherapy, or radiation therapy.
Melanomas also occur in horses, see equine melanoma.
References
- ↑ Melanoma Death Rate Still Climbing
- ↑ Cancer Stat Fact Sheets
- ↑ Ries LAG, et al, eds. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2000. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 2003: Tables XVI-1-9.
- ↑ Parkin D, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. "Global cancer statistics, 2002". CA Cancer J Clin. 55 (2): 74–108. PMID 15761078.Full text
- ↑ Lucas, R. Global Burden of Disease of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation, Environmental Burden of Disease Series, July 25, 2006; No. 13. News release, World Health Organization