Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart disease. Prevalence rates have been reported between 1:500 (0.2%) and 1:3,000 (0.03%) because of variations in study designs and cohort characteristics including different age groups and ethnicity. According to the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) cohort study that used standard echocardiography in 4,111 unrelated people 23 to 35 years of age, HCM prevalence is reported as 1 in 500 persons (0.2%).[1] Nevertheless, lower prevalence has been reported in some European countries such as Germany (0.07%). [2]A recent analysis of U.S. claims data reported a prevalence of clinically diagnosed HCM in approximately 1:3,000 (0.03%)[3] According to Semsarian et al. "For the past 20 years, most data have supported the occurrence of HCM at about 1 in 500. However, the authors have interrogated a number of relevant advances in cardiovascular medicine, including widespread fee-for-service genetic testing, population genetic studies, and contemporary diagnostic imaging, as well as a greater index of suspicion and recognition for both the clinically expressed disease and the gene-positive– phenotype-negative subset (at risk for developing the disease). Accounting for the potential impact of these initiatives on disease occurrence, the authors have revisited the prevalence of HCM in the general population."[4]
Incidence
- The incidence/prevalence of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- In [year], the incidence/prevalence of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
Prevalence
- The incidence/prevalence of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- In [year], the incidence/prevalence of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- In [year], the incidence of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
- The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is approximately [number range].
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- The incidence of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.
- [Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
- [Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].
Prevalence increased with advancing age and showed a constant yearly rise.
Race
- There is no racial predilection to Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
prevalence of clinically diagnosed HCM in Germany is lower than in systematic population studies based on the echocardiographic diagnosis.
Gender
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy affects men and women equally.
- [Gender 1] are more commonly affected by Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
Region
- The majority of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cases are reported in [geographical region].
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].
Developed Countries
Developing Countries
References
- ↑ Maron BJ, Gardin JM, Flack JM, Gidding SS, Kurosaki TT, Bild DE (1995). "Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a general population of young adults. Echocardiographic analysis of 4111 subjects in the CARDIA Study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults". Circulation. 92 (4): 785–9. doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.4.785. PMID 7641357.
- ↑ Husser D, Ueberham L, Jacob J, Heuer D, Riedel-Heller S, Walker J; et al. (2018). "Prevalence of clinically apparent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Germany-An analysis of over 5 million patients". PLoS One. 13 (5): e0196612. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196612. PMC 5933727. PMID 29723226.
- ↑ Maron MS, Hellawell JL, Lucove JC, Farzaneh-Far R, Olivotto I (2016). "Occurrence of Clinically Diagnosed Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in the United States". Am J Cardiol. 117 (10): 1651–1654. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.02.044. PMID 27006153.
- ↑ Semsarian C, Ingles J, Maron MS, Maron BJ (2015). "New perspectives on the prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy". J Am Coll Cardiol. 65 (12): 1249–1254. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.01.019. PMID 25814232.