Hemorrhoids overview
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Hemorrhoids Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hemorrhoids overview On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hemorrhoids overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Hemorrhoids are varicosities or swelling and inflammation of veins in the rectum and anus. The rectum is the last part of the large intestine leading to the anus. The anus is the opening at the end of the digestive tract where bowel contents leave the body. External hemorrhoids are located under the skin around the anus. Internal hemorrhoids develop in the lower rectum. Internal hemorrhoids may protrude, or prolapse, through the anus. Most prolapsed hemorrhoids shrink back inside the rectum on their own. Severely prolapsed hemorrhoids may protrude permanently and require treatment.
Differentiating Hemorrhoids from other Diseases
Symptoms associated with rectal cancer, anal fissure, anal abscess, anal fistula, and other diseases may be similar to those produced by hemorrhoids and may be reduced by the topical analgesic methods described above. For this reason, it is a good idea to consult with a physician when these symptoms are encountered, particularly for the first time, and periodically should the problem continue. In the US, colonoscopy is recommended as a general diagnostic for those over age 50 (40 with family history of bowel cancers); a clear (normal) scope is good for 10 years.
Treatment
Prevention
Eating a high-fiber diet can make stools softer and easier to pass, reducing the pressure on hemorrhoids caused by straining.