Hemorrhoids risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of hemorrhoids are excessive straining, sitting or standing for long periods of time, pregnancy, and chronic constipation.
Risk Factors
Risk factors of hemorrhoids include:
- Aging
- Anal intercourse
- Chronic constipation[1]
- Cirrhosis[3]
- Hemorrhoids may be confused with Anorectal Varices
- Hemorrhoids are more commonly seen in Cirrhosis with Portal Hypertension than Cirrhosis without Portal Hypertension
- Diarrhea[4]
- High-fat, low-fiber diet
- Obesity
- Pregnancy[6]
- Previous history of hemorrhoidal disease, anal fissures and constipation in pregnant female
- Straining during delivery for more than 20 minutes
- Newborn weighs more than 3800g at birth
- Hemorrhoids are most common in the third trimester of the pregnancy
References
- ↑ Riss S, Weiser FA, Schwameis K, Mittlböck M, Stift A. Haemorrhoids, constipation and faecal incontinence: is there any relationship? Colorectal Dis. 2011;13(8):e227-e233. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1318.2011.02632.x
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Peery AF, Sandler RS, Galanko JA, et al. Risk Factors for hemorrhoids on screening colonoscopy PLoS One. 2015;10(9):e0139100. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139100
- ↑ Hosking SW, Smart HL, Johnson AG, Triger DR. Anorectal varices, haemorrhoids, and portal hypertension. Lancet. 1989;1(8634) 349-352. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(89)91774-8
- ↑ Johansen JF, Sonnenberg A. Constipation is not a risk factor for Hemorrhoids: a case-control study of potential etiologic agents Am J Gastroenterol. 1994;89(11):1981-1986
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Delò F. Sonnenberg A. Associations between hemorrhoids and other diagnoses. Dis Colon Rectum. 1998;41(12):1534-1541. doi:10.1007/BF02237302
- ↑ Poskus T, Buzinskiené D, Drasutiene G, et al. Haemorrhoids and anal fissures during pregnancy and after childbirth: a prospective cohort study. BJOG. 2014;121(13):1666-1671. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.12838