Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahda Alihashemi M.D. [2]

Overview

There are no established risk factors for [disease name].

OR

The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].

OR

Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].

OR

Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.

Risk Factors

The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].

OR

Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].

Common Risk Factor

  • Common risk factors in the development of G6PD include:
    • Foods such as fava beans in G6PD mutation carriers
    • Medications such as:
      • Aspirin
      • Antimalarials: quinine, primaquine, pamaquine, and chloroquine
      • Sulfonamides: mafenide, sulfanilamide, sulfamethoxazole
      • Thiazolesulfone
      • Methylene blue
      • Analgesics: phenazopyridine and acetanilide
      • Rasburicase
      • Some non-sulfa antibiotics : furazolidone, isoniazid, dapsone, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin). Henna has been known to cause hemolytic crisis in G6PD-deficient infants. Rasburicase is also contraindicated in G6PD deficiency. High dose intravenous vitamin C has also been known to cause haemolysis in G6PD deficiency carriers, thus G6PD deficiency testing is routine before infusion of doses of 25g or more.
    • Bacterial, viral and rickettsial infection
    • Some chemicals: Hanna in tattos and hair dyes.[1]

Less Common Risk Factors

  • Less common risk factors in the development of G6PD include:
    • Moth balls (naphthalene)
    • Diabetic ketoacidosis[2]
    • Amyl nitrite or isobutyl nitrite in RUSH ( sexual enhancement drug)[3]

References

  1. Raupp P, Hassan JA, Varughese M, Kristiansson B (November 2001). "Henna causes life threatening haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency". Arch. Dis. Child. 85 (5): 411–2. PMC 1718961. PMID 11668106.
  2. Gellady AM, Greenwood RD (June 1972). "G-6-PD hemolytic anemia complicating diabetic ketoacidosis". J. Pediatr. 80 (6): 1037–8. PMID 4623682.
  3. Beaupre SR, Schiffman FJ (June 1994). "Rush hemolysis. A 'bite-cell' hemolytic anemia associated with volatile liquid nitrite use". Arch Fam Med. 3 (6): 545–8. PMID 8081534.

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [4]

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Overview

Risk Factors

  • Ethnic groups
    • African American
    • Middle Eastern decent, particularly Kurdish or Sephardic Jewish
  • Male
  • Family history of the deficiency

References


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