Gastroesophageal reflux disease history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
A detailed history taking is vital to the diagnosis.
* History taking in patients suspected with GERD is important in diagnostic approach.
* Important history points that increase suspicion towards delayed gastric emptying and GERD include the following:
** Nausea
** Vomiting
** Regurgitation


=== Common symptoms ===
=== Common symptoms ===
Line 17: Line 21:
Less common symptoms of GERD include the following:  
Less common symptoms of GERD include the following:  
* Chest pain that may look like the angina pectoris pain  
* Chest pain that may look like the angina pectoris pain  
* Cough
* Nausea  
* Nausea  
* Odynophagea  
* Odynophagea  
===Adults===
[[Heartburn]] is the major symptom of acid in the esophagus, characterized by burning discomfort behind the breastbone ([[sternum]]). Findings in GERD include '''[[esophagitis]]''' (''reflux esophagitis'') — [[inflammation|inflammatory]] changes in the esophageal lining (mucosa) —, [[Stenosis|strictures]], difficulty swallowing ([[dysphagia]]), and chronic [[chest pain]]. Patients may have only one of those findings. Typical GERD symptoms include cough, hoarseness, voice changes, chronic ear ache, burning chest pains, nausea or [[sinusitis]]. GERD complications include stricture formation, [[Barrett's esophagus]], [[esophageal ulcer]]s, and possibly even lead to [[esophageal cancer]], especially in adults over 60 years old.
Occasional heartburn is common but does not necessarily mean one has GERD. Patients with heartburn symptoms more than once a week are at risk of developing GERD. A hiatal hernia is usually [[asymptomatic]], but the presence of a hiatal hernia is a risk factor for developing GERD.
===Children===
===Children===



Revision as of 00:05, 3 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

History and Symptoms

  • History taking in patients suspected with GERD is important in diagnostic approach.
  • Important history points that increase suspicion towards delayed gastric emptying and GERD include the following:
    • Nausea
    • Vomiting
    • Regurgitation

Common symptoms

Common symptoms of GERD include the following:

  • Heart burn
  • Regurgitation
  • Dysphagia

Less common symptoms

Less common symptoms of GERD include the following:

  • Chest pain that may look like the angina pectoris pain
  • Cough
  • Nausea
  • Odynophagea

Children

GERD may be difficult to detect in infants and children. Symptoms may vary from typical adult symptoms. GERD in children may cause repeated vomiting, effortless spitting up, coughing, and other respiratory problems. Inconsolable crying, failure to gain adequate weight, refusing food, bad breath, and belching or burping are also common. Children may have one symptom or many — no single symptom is universal in all children with GERD.

It is estimated that of the approximately 8 million babies born in the U.S. each year, up to 35% of them may have difficulties with reflux in the first few months of their life. Most of those children will outgrow their reflux by their first birthday. However, a small but significant number of them will not outgrow the condition.

Babies' immature digestive systems are usually the cause, and most infants stop having acid reflux by the time they reach their first birthday. Some children do not outgrow acid reflux, however, and continue to have it into their teen years. Children that have had heartburn that does not seem to go away, or any other GERD symptoms for a while, should talk to their parents and visit their doctor.

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