Ebola risk factors: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
The main [[risk factors]] for Ebola virus disease are traveling to [[endemic]] areas, to be a health professional taking care of infected [[patients]] and researchers working with animal models of the Ebola virus disease.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web | title = CDC Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Information Packet  | url = http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/Fact_Sheets/Ebola_Fact_Booklet.pdf | year = April 2010 }}</ref>
The main [[risk factors]] for Ebola virus disease are traveling to [[endemic]] areas, to be a health professional taking care of infected [[patients]] and researchers working with animal models of the Ebola virus disease.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web | title = CDC Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Information Packet  | url = http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/Fact_Sheets/Ebola_Fact_Booklet.pdf | year = April 2010 }}</ref>
==Risk Factors==
===Exposure Risk Levels===
Levels of exposure risk are defined as follows:
* High risk exposures
* Low risk exposures
* No known exposure
====High Risk Exposures====
A high risk exposure includes any of the following:
* Percutaneous (e.g., needle stick) or mucous membrane exposure to blood or body fluids of EVD patient
* Direct skin contact with, or exposure to blood or body fluids of, an EVD patient without appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)
* Processing blood or body fluids of a confirmed EVD patient without appropriate PPE or standard biosafety precautions
* Direct contact with a dead body without appropriate PPE in a country where an EVD outbreak is occurring
====Low Risk Exposures====
A low risk exposure includes any of the following:
* Household contact with an EVD patient
* Other close contact with EVD patients in health care facilities or community settings. Close contact is defined as:
** Being within approximately 3 feet (1 meter) of an EVD patient or within the patient’s room or care area for a prolonged period of time (e.g., health care personnel, household members) while not wearing recommended personal protective equipment (i.e., standard, droplet, and contact precautions)
** Having direct brief contact (e.g., shaking hands) with an EVD patient while not wearing recommended personal protective equipment
* Brief interactions, such as walking by a person or moving through a hospital, do not constitute close contact
====No Known Exposure====
No known exposure is defined as having been in a country in which an EVD outbreak occurred within the past 21 days and having had no high or low risk exposures.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 22:15, 30 September 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]: Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Michael Maddaleni, B.S.;Guillermo Rodriguez Nava, M.D. [2]

Overview

The main risk factors for Ebola virus disease are traveling to endemic areas, to be a health professional taking care of infected patients and researchers working with animal models of the Ebola virus disease.[1]

Risk Factors

Exposure Risk Levels

Levels of exposure risk are defined as follows:

  • High risk exposures
  • Low risk exposures
  • No known exposure

High Risk Exposures

A high risk exposure includes any of the following:

  • Percutaneous (e.g., needle stick) or mucous membrane exposure to blood or body fluids of EVD patient
  • Direct skin contact with, or exposure to blood or body fluids of, an EVD patient without appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE)
  • Processing blood or body fluids of a confirmed EVD patient without appropriate PPE or standard biosafety precautions
  • Direct contact with a dead body without appropriate PPE in a country where an EVD outbreak is occurring

Low Risk Exposures

A low risk exposure includes any of the following:

  • Household contact with an EVD patient
  • Other close contact with EVD patients in health care facilities or community settings. Close contact is defined as:
    • Being within approximately 3 feet (1 meter) of an EVD patient or within the patient’s room or care area for a prolonged period of time (e.g., health care personnel, household members) while not wearing recommended personal protective equipment (i.e., standard, droplet, and contact precautions)
    • Having direct brief contact (e.g., shaking hands) with an EVD patient while not wearing recommended personal protective equipment
  • Brief interactions, such as walking by a person or moving through a hospital, do not constitute close contact

No Known Exposure

No known exposure is defined as having been in a country in which an EVD outbreak occurred within the past 21 days and having had no high or low risk exposures.

References

  1. "CDC Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Information Packet" (PDF). April 2010.

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