Diabetic foot epidemiology and demographics

Jump to navigation Jump to search

Diabetic foot Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Diabetic foot from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Diabetic foot epidemiology and demographics On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Diabetic foot epidemiology and demographics

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Diabetic foot epidemiology and demographics

CDC on Diabetic foot epidemiology and demographics

Diabetic foot epidemiology and demographics in the news

Blogs on Diabetic foot epidemiology and demographics

Directions to Hospitals Treating Diabetic foot

Risk calculators and risk factors for Diabetic foot epidemiology and demographics

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anahita Deylamsalehi, M.D.[2] Vishnu Vardhan Serla M.B.B.S. [3] Usama Talib, BSc, MD [4]

Overview

The incidence of active diabetic foot ulcers is approximately 630 per 100,000 diabetic individuals world wide. According to an other estimate the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers is approximately 1500 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. The prevalence of diabetic foot ulcers has been estimated roughly 6.3% worldwide. The prevalence of active diabetic foot ulcers in United Kingdom is approximately 170 per 100,000 individuals. The 5 year risk of mortality in diabetic patients with a foot ulcer is 2.5 times higher than diabetic patients without a foot ulcer. Some data report a mortality rate of 2.8% among diabetic patients per each year. Diabetic foot ulcer is more common in older ages and has a higher incidence in men. White people develop diabetic peripheral neuropathy more frequently. Highest prevalence of diabetic foot has been reported in North America and lowest prevalence has been reported in Oceania.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

Prevalence


Region Prevalence of diabetic foot 95% Confidence interval
Global 6.3% 5.4–7.3%
North America 13.0% 10.0–15.9%
Asia 5.5% 4.6–6.4%
Europe 5.1% 4.1–6.0%
Africa 7.2% 5.1–9.3%
Oceania 3.0% 0.9–5.0%


Mortality

Age

Based on a systematic review and metanalysis done on diabetes patients, diabetic foot was more common among older patients.[3][13]

Race

White people develop diabetic peripheral neuropathy more frequently.[14]

Gender

Region

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Armstrong DG, Boulton AJM, Bus SA (2017). "Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Their Recurrence". N Engl J Med. 376 (24): 2367–2375. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1615439. PMID 28614678.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Abbott CA, Carrington AL, Ashe H, Bath S, Every LC, Griffiths J; et al. (2002). "The North-West Diabetes Foot Care Study: incidence of, and risk factors for, new diabetic foot ulceration in a community-based patient cohort". Diabet Med. 19 (5): 377–84. PMID 12027925.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Zhang P, Lu J, Jing Y, Tang S, Zhu D, Bi Y (2017). "Global epidemiology of diabetic foot ulceration: a systematic review and meta-analysis (†)". Ann Med. 49 (2): 106–116. doi:10.1080/07853890.2016.1231932. PMID 27585063.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Boyko EJ, Ahroni JH, Cohen V, Nelson KM, Heagerty PJ (2006). "Prediction of diabetic foot ulcer occurrence using commonly available clinical information: the Seattle Diabetic Foot Study". Diabetes Care. 29 (6): 1202–7. doi:10.2337/dc05-2031. PMID 16731996.
  5. Frykberg RG, Zgonis T, Armstrong DG, Driver VR, Giurini JM, Kravitz SR; et al. (2006). "Diabetic foot disorders. A clinical practice guideline (2006 revision)". J Foot Ankle Surg. 45 (5 Suppl): S1–66. doi:10.1016/S1067-2516(07)60001-5. PMID 17280936.
  6. Alavi A, Sibbald RG, Mayer D, Goodman L, Botros M, Armstrong DG; et al. (2014). "Diabetic foot ulcers: Part I. Pathophysiology and prevention". J Am Acad Dermatol. 70 (1): 1.e1–18, quiz 19-20. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2013.06.055. PMID 24355275.
  7. "Reorganized text". JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 141 (5): 428. 2015. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2015.0540. PMID 25996397.
  8. Borssén B, Bergenheim T, Lithner F (1990). "The epidemiology of foot lesions in diabetic patients aged 15-50 years". Diabet Med. 7 (5): 438–44. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.1990.tb01420.x. PMID 2142042.
  9. Almobarak AO, Awadalla H, Osman M, Ahmed MH (2017). "Prevalence of diabetic foot ulceration and associated risk factors: an old and still major public health problem in Khartoum, Sudan?". Ann Transl Med. 5 (17): 340. doi:10.21037/atm.2017.07.01. PMC 5599292. PMID 28936434.
  10. Mariam TG, Alemayehu A, Tesfaye E, Mequannt W, Temesgen K, Yetwale F; et al. (2017). "Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Factors among Adult Diabetic Patients Who Attend the Diabetic Follow-Up Clinic at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, North West Ethiopia, 2016: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study". J Diabetes Res. 2017: 2879249. doi:10.1155/2017/2879249. PMC 5534295. PMID 28791310.
  11. Vibha SP, Kulkarni MM, Kirthinath Ballala AB, Kamath A, Maiya GA (2018). "Community based study to assess the prevalence of diabetic foot syndrome and associated risk factors among people with diabetes mellitus". BMC Endocr Disord. 18 (1): 43. doi:10.1186/s12902-018-0270-2. PMC 6020220. PMID 29940924.
  12. Mundet X, Pou A, Piquer N, Sanmartin MI, Tarruella M, Gimbert R; et al. (2008). "Prevalence and incidence of chronic complications and mortality in a cohort of type 2 diabetic patients in Spain". Prim Care Diabetes. 2 (3): 135–40. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2008.05.001. PMID 18779037.
  13. 13.0 13.1 Yazdanpanah L, Nasiri M, Adarvishi S (2015). "Literature review on the management of diabetic foot ulcer". World J Diabetes. 6 (1): 37–53. doi:10.4239/wjd.v6.i1.37. PMC 4317316. PMID 25685277.
  14. Wang W, Balamurugan A, Biddle J, Rollins KM (2011). "Diabetic neuropathy status and the concerns in underserved rural communities: challenges and opportunities for diabetes educators". Diabetes Educ. 37 (4): 536–48. doi:10.1177/0145721711410717. PMID 21750334.
  15. Borch-Johnsen K, Nissen H, Salling N, Henriksen E, Kreiner S, Deckert T; et al. (1987). "The natural history of insulin-dependent diabetes in Denmark: 2. Long-term survival--who and why". Diabet Med. 4 (3): 211–6. PMID 2956021.
  16. Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Vela SA, Quebedeaux TL, Fleischli JG (1998). "Practical criteria for screening patients at high risk for diabetic foot ulceration". Arch Intern Med. 158 (2): 157–62. doi:10.1001/archinte.158.2.157. PMID 9448554.
  17. Assaad-Khalil SH, Zaki A, Abdel Rehim A, Megallaa MH, Gaber N, Gamal H; et al. (2015). "Prevalence of diabetic foot disorders and related risk factors among Egyptian subjects with diabetes". Prim Care Diabetes. 9 (4): 297–303. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2014.10.010. PMID 25543864.
  18. Gladwin MT, Schechter AN, Ognibene FP, Coles WA, Reiter CD, Schenke WH; et al. (2003). "Divergent nitric oxide bioavailability in men and women with sickle cell disease". Circulation. 107 (2): 271–8. PMID 12538427.

Template:Wikidoc Help Menu Template:Wikidoc Sources