Dermatophytosis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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{{Dermatophytosis}} | {{Dermatophytosis}} | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The hallmark of dermatophytosis is an enlarged, raised red ring with central clearing. | The hallmark of dermatophytosis is an enlarged, raised red ring with central clearing. [[Infection]] on the skin of the feet may cause [[athlete's foot]] and infection of the [[groin area]] may result in [[Tinea cruris|jock itch]]. Involvement of the nails is termed [[onychomycosis]], and they may thicken, discolor, and finally crumble or fall off. | ||
==History == | ==History == | ||
Patients presenting with dermatophytosis may present with the following history:<ref name="urlPeople at Risk for Ringworm | Ringworm | Types of Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/risk-prevention.html |title=People at Risk for Ringworm | Ringworm | Types of Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | Patients presenting with dermatophytosis may present with the following history:<ref name="urlPeople at Risk for Ringworm | Ringworm | Types of Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/risk-prevention.html |title=People at Risk for Ringworm | Ringworm | Types of Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
* Dermatophytosis affected patients may have a history of weakened immune | * Dermatophytosis affected patients may have a history of weakened [[immune system]] and may have problems fighting off a ringworm [[infection]] | ||
* People may present with a history of usage of public showers or locker rooms or they may be athletes (particularly those who are involved in contact sports such as wrestling) | * People may present with a history of usage of public showers or locker rooms or they may be athletes (particularly those who are involved in contact sports such as wrestling) | ||
* People who wear tight shoes and have excessive sweating may also present with dermatophytosis | * People who wear tight shoes and have excessive sweating may also present with dermatophytosis | ||
* Patient may have a history of close contact with animals | * Patient may have a history of close contact with animals | ||
* There may be a history of fungal infection in other family members | * There may be a history of [[fungal infection]] in other family members | ||
== Common Symptoms == | == Common Symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of dermatophytosis include:<ref name="urlInformation for Healthcare Professionals | Ringworm | Types of Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/health-professionals.html |title=Information for Healthcare Professionals | Ringworm | Types of Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | [[Symptoms]] of dermatophytosis include:<ref name="urlInformation for Healthcare Professionals | Ringworm | Types of Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/health-professionals.html |title=Information for Healthcare Professionals | Ringworm | Types of Diseases | Fungal Diseases | CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
=== Tinea cruris === | === Tinea cruris === | ||
* Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may [[blister]] and ooze | * Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may [[blister]] and ooze | ||
* The patches tend to have sharply-defined edges | * The patches tend to have sharply-defined edges | ||
* Red patches with a central clearing that may look like a ring | * Red patches with a central clearing that may look like a ring | ||
=== Tinea capitis === | === Tinea capitis === | ||
* If ringworm affects the hair, patients may have bald patches | * If [[ringworm]] affects the hair, patients may have bald patches | ||
=== Tinea unguium === | === Tinea unguium === | ||
* If ringworm affects the nails, they may become discolored, thick, and even crumble | * If [[ringworm]] affects the nails, they may become discolored, thick, and even crumble | ||
=== Tinea cruris === | === Tinea cruris === | ||
* Pustules and vesicles at the active edge of the infected area | * [[Pustules]] and [[vesicles]] at the active edge of the infected area | ||
* Maceration | * [[Maceration]] | ||
* Red, scaling lesions with raised borders | * Red, [[Scaling skin|scaling]] [[lesions]] with raised borders | ||
=== Tinea pedis === | === Tinea pedis === | ||
* Fissuring, maceration, and scaling in the interdigital spaces of the fourth and fifth toes | * Fissuring, [[maceration]], and [[Scaling skin|scaling]] in the interdigital spaces of the fourth and fifth toes | ||
* Itching or burning | * [[Itching]] or burning | ||
* Vesiculobullous form of tinea pedis is characterized by the development of vesicles, pustules, and bullae in an inflammatory pattern on the soles | * Vesiculobullous form of tinea pedis is characterized by the development of [[Vesicle|vesicles]], [[pustules]], and bullae in an inflammatory pattern on the soles | ||
=== Tinea Faciei === | === Tinea Faciei === | ||
* Itching and burning, which become worse after sunlight exposure | * Itching and burning, which become worse after sunlight exposure | ||
* Round or annular red patches | * Round or annular red patches | ||
* Red areas may be indistinct, especially on darkly pigmented skin | * Red areas may be indistinct, especially on darkly pigmented skin | ||
* May have little or no scaling or raised edges | * May have little or no [[Scaling skin|scaling]] or raised edges | ||
=== Tinea mannum === | === Tinea mannum === | ||
* Palmar surface is diffusely dry and hyperkeratotic | * [[Palmar]] surface is diffusely dry and [[Hyperkeratosis|hyperkeratotic]] | ||
* When the fingernails are involved, vesicles and scant scaling may be present | * When the fingernails are involved, [[vesicles]] and scant [[Scaling skin|scaling]] may be present | ||
== Less Common Symptoms == | == Less Common Symptoms == | ||
Less common symptoms of dermatophytosis include: | Less common symptoms of dermatophytosis include: | ||
* Blister formation | * [[Blister]] formation | ||
* "Black dot" appearance in scalp infection | * "Black dot" appearance in scalp infection | ||
* “Kerion,” which is a boggy, sterile, inflammatory scalp mass | * “Kerion,” which is a boggy, [[Sterile fungi|sterile]], [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] [[scalp]] mass | ||
* Cervical or occipital lymphadenopathy | * [[Cervical lymph nodes|Cervical]] or [[Occipital lymph nodes|occipital]] [[lymphadenopathy]] | ||
* Border of the lesion may contain pustules or follicular papules | * Border of the lesion may contain [[pustules]] or follicular [[papules]] | ||
* Itching and burning | * Itching and burning | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 21:22, 16 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]
Overview
The hallmark of dermatophytosis is an enlarged, raised red ring with central clearing. Infection on the skin of the feet may cause athlete's foot and infection of the groin area may result in jock itch. Involvement of the nails is termed onychomycosis, and they may thicken, discolor, and finally crumble or fall off.
History
Patients presenting with dermatophytosis may present with the following history:[1]
- Dermatophytosis affected patients may have a history of weakened immune system and may have problems fighting off a ringworm infection
- People may present with a history of usage of public showers or locker rooms or they may be athletes (particularly those who are involved in contact sports such as wrestling)
- People who wear tight shoes and have excessive sweating may also present with dermatophytosis
- Patient may have a history of close contact with animals
- There may be a history of fungal infection in other family members
Common Symptoms
Symptoms of dermatophytosis include:[2]
Tinea cruris
- Itchy, red, raised, scaly patches that may blister and ooze
- The patches tend to have sharply-defined edges
- Red patches with a central clearing that may look like a ring
Tinea capitis
- If ringworm affects the hair, patients may have bald patches
Tinea unguium
- If ringworm affects the nails, they may become discolored, thick, and even crumble
Tinea cruris
- Pustules and vesicles at the active edge of the infected area
- Maceration
- Red, scaling lesions with raised borders
Tinea pedis
- Fissuring, maceration, and scaling in the interdigital spaces of the fourth and fifth toes
- Itching or burning
- Vesiculobullous form of tinea pedis is characterized by the development of vesicles, pustules, and bullae in an inflammatory pattern on the soles
Tinea Faciei
- Itching and burning, which become worse after sunlight exposure
- Round or annular red patches
- Red areas may be indistinct, especially on darkly pigmented skin
- May have little or no scaling or raised edges
Tinea mannum
- Palmar surface is diffusely dry and hyperkeratotic
- When the fingernails are involved, vesicles and scant scaling may be present
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of dermatophytosis include:
- Blister formation
- "Black dot" appearance in scalp infection
- “Kerion,” which is a boggy, sterile, inflammatory scalp mass
- Cervical or occipital lymphadenopathy
- Border of the lesion may contain pustules or follicular papules
- Itching and burning