Delirium classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vishal Khurana, M.B.B.S., M.D. [2] ; Pratik Bahekar, MBBS [3]

Overview

Delirium is classified on the basis of etiology, duration and severity.

Types of Delirium

DSM V specifies delirium on various virtues,

Based on etiology:

  • Substance intoxication delirium: diagnosis of substance intoxication delirium is made rather than substance intoxication, when the symptoms in Criteria A and C predominate and are severe enough to require clinical attention.
  • Substance withdrawal delirium: diagnosis of substance withdrawal delirium is made rather than substance withdrawal, when the symptoms in Criteria A and C predominate and are severe enough to require clinical attention
  • Delirium caused by another medical condition: When delirium is caused by another medical condition.
  • Delirium caused by multiple etiologies: Delirium is a consequence of multiple causes e.g. medical condition plus substance intoxication or side effect of medications

Based on duration:

  • Acute: Duration is restricted to a few hours to days
  • Persistent: when delirium lasts for weeks or months.

Based on severity:

  • Hyperactive: An increased psychomotor activity which may co-occur with increased mood lability, agitation, and/or non cooperative attitude towards medical treatment.
  • Hypoactive: A hypoactive level of psychomotor activity which may exist along with increased sluggishness, lethargy or stupor.
  • Mixed level of activity: A normal level of psychomotor activity, individuals with rapidly fluctuating activity are also included in this category.[1][2]

Some authors have described fourth type of delirium, called as Subsyndromal delirium (an incomplete form of delirium)[3]

References

  1. "http://www.dsm5.org/Pages/Default.aspx". Retrieved 16 February 2014. External link in |title= (help)
  2. "Delirium in elderly people. [Lancet. 2013] - PubMed - NCBI".
  3. "Delirium in older people". Text " BMJ " ignored (help)

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