Crohn's disease natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Crohn's disease increases the risk of cancer in the area of inflammation. For example, individuals with Crohn's disease involving the small bowel are at higher risk for small intestinal cancer. Similarly, people with Crohn's colitis have a relative risk of 5.6 for developing colon cancer.There are many complications that can come with Crohn's disease like: obstructions, abscesses, free perforation, and hemorrhage. With treatment, most people achieve a healthy life, and the mortality rate for the disease is low.[1][2]

Natural History

Crohn's disease increases the risk of cancer in the area of inflammation. For example, individuals with Crohn's disease involving the small bowel are at higher risk for small intestinal cancer. Similarly, people with Crohn's colitis have a relative risk of 5.6 for developing colon cancer.[3] Screening for colon cancer with colonoscopy is recommended for anyone who has had Crohn's colitis for eight years, or more.[4]

Complications

There are many complications that can come with Crohn's disease like: obstructions, abscesses, free perforation, and hemorrhage.[5]

Prognosis

  • Crohn's disease is a chronic condition for which there is currently no cure. It is characterized by periods of improvement followed by episodes when symptoms flare up.
  • With treatment, most people achieve a healthy life, and the mortality rate for the disease is low.
  • Crohn's disease is associated with an increased risk of small bowel and colorectal carcinoma.[7]
  • Many patients will have temporary stoma formations together with possible associated complications.[8]

References

  1. "Complications of Crohn's Disease". Retrieved 2008-01-16.
  2. Ekbom A, Helmick C, Zack M, Adami H (1990). "Increased risk of large-bowel cancer in Crohn's disease with colonic involvement". Lancet. 336 (8711): 357–9. PMID 1975343.
  3. Ekbom A, Helmick C, Zack M, Adami H (1990). "Increased risk of large-bowel cancer in Crohn's disease with colonic involvement". Lancet. 336 (8711): 357–9. PMID 1975343.
  4. Collins P, Mpofu C, Watson A, Rhodes J. "Strategies for detecting colon cancer and/or dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease". Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD000279. PMID 16625534.
  5. "Complications of Crohn's Disease". Retrieved 2008-01-16.
  6. Evans J, Steinhart A, Cohen Z, McLeod R (2003). "Home total parenteral nutrition: an alternative to early surgery for complicated inflammatory bowel disease". J Gastrointest Surg. 7 (4): 562–6. PMID 12763417.
  7. Canavan, C. (2006). "Meta-analysis : colorectal and small bowel cancer risk in patients with Crohn's disease". Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. 23 (8): 1097–1104. ISSN 0269-2813. Retrieved 2007-05-23.
  8. http://www.answers.com/topic/crohn-s-disease?cat=health

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