Chronic diarrhea history and symptoms
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Chronic diarrhea Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]
Overview
The hallmark of chronic diarrhea is loose stools lasting for 4 weeks or more. A positive history of foul smelling stools that are difficult to flush, bloody loose bowel movement, and crampy abdominal pain are suggestive of chronic diarrhea. The most common symptoms of chronic diarrhea include crampy abdominal pain, elevation in body temperature, and increased frequency of bowel movemnets.
History
Obtaining the history is the most important aspect of making a diagnosis of chronic diarrhea. It provides insight into cause, precipitating factors and associated comorbid conditions. Complete history will help determine the correct therapy and helps in determining the prognosis. Specific histories about the symptoms (duration, onset, progression), associated symptoms, drug usage have to be obtained. Specific areas of focus when obtaining the history, are outlined below:[1][2]
- Age and gender
- Onset, duration, progression, pattern and timing of symptoms
- Associated symptoms(lethargy, fever, confusion)
- Current medications
- Association with food and fasting states
- Symptoms of other organ failure (renal failure, liver failure, adrenal failure)
- Ingestion of poisons or chemicals
- Co-morbid conditions like diabetes, immunodeficiency
- Severe infections
- Any alterations in sensorium as a result of dehydration
- Family history
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of chronic diarrhea include:
- Loose, watery stools
- Abdominal cramps
- Abdominal pain
- Fever
- Occult blood in stool
- Bloating
- Nausea
Less common symptoms
Less common symptoms of chronic diarrhea include:
- Confusion or agitation
- Altered mental status
- Disorientation
- Abdominal guarding
- Difficulty speaking
- Stupor or coma
References
- ↑ Kleinman RE (2005). "Chronic nonspecific diarrhea of childhood". Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 56: 73–9, discussion 79-84. doi:10.1159/000086276. PMID 16632945.
- ↑ Eherer AJ, Fordtran JS (1992). "Fecal osmotic gap and pH in experimental diarrhea of various causes". Gastroenterology. 103 (2): 545–51. PMID 1634072.