Carcinoma of the penis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Home_logo1.png|right|250px|link=https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carcinoma_of_the_penis]] | |||
{{CMG}}, {{Swathi}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
[[Carcinoma]] of the [[penis]] must be [[Differentiate|differentiated]] from [[condyloma acuminata]], [[Penis|penile]] intraepithelial [[neoplasia]] (PeIN), [[balanitis xerotica obliterans]], buschke-Lowenstein [[tumour]], [[bowenoid papulosis]], and [[leukoplakia]]. | |||
==Differential Diagnosis== | |||
[[Carcinoma]] of the [[penis]] must be [[Differentiate|differentiated]] from:<ref>Precancerous conditions of the penis. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/penile/penile-cancer/precancerous-conditions/?region=ab Accessed on September, 30 2015 </ref><ref>Differential diagnoses of penile cancer. Oncology Encyclopedia 2015.http://oncolex.org/penile-cancer/background/differentialdiagnoses Accessed on September, 30 2015 </ref> | |||
*[[Cancerous|Noncancerous]] conditions | |||
:*[[Condyloma acuminata]] | |||
:**A common [[sexually transmitted disease]] caused by a [[Virus (biology)|virus]] belonging to the [[human papilloma virus]] ([[Human papillomavirus|HPV]]) group | |||
:**[[Lesions]] normally grow as a [[papilloma]] and are usually found on the [[glans]], [[prepuce]], or [[shaft]] of the [[penis]] | |||
:**[[Lesions]] are [[benign]], caused by low-risk [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] 6/11 | |||
:**Mixed [[Infection|infections]] with high-risk [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] types are relatively common | |||
:**Progression to [[malignancy]] is [[rare]]. | |||
* [[Precancerous]] conditions <ref>{{cite web |url=http://oncolex.org/Penile-cancer/Background/DifferentialDiagnoses |title=Differential diagnoses of penile cancer |format= |work= |accessdate=}} </ref> | |||
:* [[Penis|Penile]] intraepithelial [[neoplasia]] (PeIN) | |||
:** most common [[precancerous]] [[condition]] of the [[penis]] | |||
:**General term used to describe [[precancerous]] [[conditions]] of the [[penis]] that may [[Development|develop]] into [[invasive]] [[squamous cell carcinoma]] ([[Squamous cell carcinoma|SCC]]) if they are not treated | |||
:**Refers to [[abnormal]] [[cell]] changes, called [[carcinoma in situ]], that occur on the [[skin]] [[Surface area|surface]] of the [[penis]] | |||
:**PeIN on the [[glans]] ([[Penis|head]]) or [[foreskin]] of the [[penis]] is also called [[erythroplasia of Queyrat]] | |||
:**PeIN on the [[shaft]] of the [[penis]] is also called [[Bowen’s disease]] | |||
:* [[Balanitis xerotica obliterans]] ([[Balanitis xerotica obliterans|BXO]]) also known as [[Lichen sclerosus|lichen sclerosis]] | |||
:**A [[precancerous]] [[skin]] [[condition]] localized to the [[glans]] and the [[prepuce]] | |||
:**Presents as white [[atrophic]] patches | |||
:**The [[secondary]] [[development]] of [[phimosis]] inhibits [[washing]] and [[Prevention|prevents]] early [[diagnostics]] of possible [[malignancy]] [[development]] on the [[glans]] or inside of the [[prepuce]] | |||
:**A radical [[Circumcised|circumcision]] should therefore be performed for this [[disease]] | |||
:* Buschke-Lowenstein tumour | |||
:**A [[slow]]-[[Growth|growing]], [[Local|locally]] destructive [[Verrucous carcinoma|verrucous]] [[plaque]] | |||
:**Cauliflower-like [[mass]] | |||
:**A regional variant of [[verrucous carcinoma]], also known as giant [[condyloma]] acuminate | |||
:**Can involve the [[penis]], [[vulva]], [[scrotum]], [[bladder]], and perianal or [[anorectal]] regions | |||
:**[[Rare]] | |||
:*[[Bowen's disease|Bowen's Disease]] | |||
:**[[Undifferentiated]] PeIN | |||
:**Manifests as a [[solitary]], [[Pigmented lesions|pigmented]], scaly or [[scab]]-covered [[area]] | |||
:**Affects the [[penis]] shaft, [[scrotum]], [[perineum]], and the suprapubic [[area]] | |||
:* [[Bowenoid papulosis]] | |||
:**Multiple, slightly elevated, red to violet or brownish [[papules]], on the [[Penis|penis shaft]] and [[scrotum]] | |||
:**Very [[rare]], is preferably seen young [[men]] | |||
:**May [[Regression|regress]] without treatment | |||
:**Caused by high-risk [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]], most commonly [[Human papillomavirus|HPV]] 16 | |||
:**[[Histologically]] cannot be separated from [[undifferentiated]] PeIN | |||
:* [[Leukoplakia]] | |||
:**[[Rare]] | |||
:**Appear as a white [[hypertrophic]] or [[atrophic]] patch and usually occur [[secondary]] to [[Chronic (medical)|chronic]] [[irritation]] | |||
:**[[Development|Develops]] in the [[meatus]] | |||
:**[[Biopsy]] is necessary to exclude [[cancer]] and intraepithelial [[neoplasia]] (PeIN) | |||
:*[[Erythroplasia of Queyrat]] | |||
:**[[Growth|Grows]] on the [[glans]] and the [[prepuce]] | |||
:**[[Presenting symptom|Presents]] as a well-defined, red patch | |||
:**[[Undifferentiated]] PeIN | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:19, 10 April 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Swathi Venkatesan, M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Carcinoma of the penis must be differentiated from condyloma acuminata, penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN), balanitis xerotica obliterans, buschke-Lowenstein tumour, bowenoid papulosis, and leukoplakia.
Differential Diagnosis
Carcinoma of the penis must be differentiated from:[1][2]
- Noncancerous conditions
- Condyloma acuminata
- A common sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus belonging to the human papilloma virus (HPV) group
- Lesions normally grow as a papilloma and are usually found on the glans, prepuce, or shaft of the penis
- Lesions are benign, caused by low-risk HPV 6/11
- Mixed infections with high-risk HPV types are relatively common
- Progression to malignancy is rare.
- Condyloma acuminata
- Precancerous conditions [3]
- Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)
- most common precancerous condition of the penis
- General term used to describe precancerous conditions of the penis that may develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) if they are not treated
- Refers to abnormal cell changes, called carcinoma in situ, that occur on the skin surface of the penis
- PeIN on the glans (head) or foreskin of the penis is also called erythroplasia of Queyrat
- PeIN on the shaft of the penis is also called Bowen’s disease
- Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) also known as lichen sclerosis
- A precancerous skin condition localized to the glans and the prepuce
- Presents as white atrophic patches
- The secondary development of phimosis inhibits washing and prevents early diagnostics of possible malignancy development on the glans or inside of the prepuce
- A radical circumcision should therefore be performed for this disease
- Buschke-Lowenstein tumour
- Bowen's Disease
- Bowenoid papulosis
- Multiple, slightly elevated, red to violet or brownish papules, on the penis shaft and scrotum
- Very rare, is preferably seen young men
- May regress without treatment
- Caused by high-risk HPV, most commonly HPV 16
- Histologically cannot be separated from undifferentiated PeIN
- Leukoplakia
- Erythroplasia of Queyrat
- Grows on the glans and the prepuce
- Presents as a well-defined, red patch
- Undifferentiated PeIN
- Penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)
References
- ↑ Precancerous conditions of the penis. Canadian Cancer Society 2015. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/penile/penile-cancer/precancerous-conditions/?region=ab Accessed on September, 30 2015
- ↑ Differential diagnoses of penile cancer. Oncology Encyclopedia 2015.http://oncolex.org/penile-cancer/background/differentialdiagnoses Accessed on September, 30 2015
- ↑ "Differential diagnoses of penile cancer".