Beclomethasone dipropionate (inhalation)
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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | Oral & nasal inhalation, topical |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | Converted to beclometasone-17-monopropionate (17-BMP) during absorption |
| Protein binding | 87% of 17-BMP to albumin and transcortin |
| Metabolism | By esterase enzymes found in most tissues |
| Elimination half-life | 2.8 hours |
| Excretion | ? |
| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| DrugBank | |
| E number | {{#property:P628}} |
| ECHA InfoCard | {{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C28H37ClO7 |
| Molar mass | 521.042 g/mol |
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Overview
Beclometasone dipropionate (INN modified) or beclomethasone dipropionate (USAN, former BAN), also referred to as beclometasone (INN), is a potent Class A glucocorticoid steroid drug. In the form of an inhaler (e.g. Becotide), a wide number of brands of which are available, it is used for the prophylaxis of asthma. As a nasal spray (e.g. Beconase, Vancenase), it is used for the treatment of rhinitis (e.g. hayfever) and sinusitis. In some instances it is used by oral pathologists in the treatment of unusually severe canker sores.
As a cream or ointment (trade name Propaderm) it is used to treat severe inflammatory skin disorders (e.g. eczema) unresponsive to less potent steroids, but is generally avoided in the treatment of psoriasis due to the risk of rebound on withdrawal.
Chemistry
It is a white to creamy-white, odorless powder which is very slightly soluble in water, very soluble in chloroform, and freely soluble in acetone and in ethanol.
Side effects
Occasionally it may cause a cough upon inhalation. Deposition on the tongue and throat may promote oral candidiasis which appears as a white coating, possibly with irritation.[1][2][3] This may usually be prevented by rinsing the mouth with water after using the inhaler. Other side effects may rarely include unpleasant taste, hoarseness or nasal congestion, pain or headache and visual changes. Allergic reactions rarely may occur.
As a steroid, it can also cause occurrences of retina detachments, by triggering Central Serous Retinopathy.
Footnotes
- ↑ Willey R, Milne L, Crompton G, Grant I (1976). "Beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol and oropharyngeal candidiasis". Br J Dis Chest. 70 (1): 32–8. PMID 1259918.
- ↑ Salzman G, Pyszczynski D (1988). "Oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients treated with beclomethasone dipropionate delivered by metered-dose inhaler alone and with Aerochamber". J Allergy Clin Immunol. 81 (2): 424–8. PMID 3339197.
- ↑ Fukushima C, Matsuse H, Tomari S, Obase Y, Miyazaki Y, Shimoda T, Kohno S (2003). "Oral candidiasis associated with inhaled corticosteroid use: comparison of fluticasone and beclomethasone". Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 90 (6): 646–51. PMID 12839324.
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