Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*[[Alcohol]] exposure in utero | *[[Alcohol]] exposure in utero | ||
*[[Brain injury]] | |||
*[[Child abuse]] | *[[Child abuse]] | ||
*Diet | *Diet | ||
| Line 13: | Line 14: | ||
*[[Epilepsy]] | *[[Epilepsy]] | ||
*First-degree biological relatives of individuals with ADHD | *First-degree biological relatives of individuals with ADHD | ||
*Genetic predilection<ref name="#1"></ref> | |||
*Infections (e.g., [[encephalitis]]) | *Infections (e.g., [[encephalitis]]) | ||
*[[Low birth weight]] (less than 1,500 grams) | *[[Low birth weight]] (less than 1,500 grams) | ||
*Male gender<ref name="#1"></ref> | |||
*Metabolic abnormalities | *Metabolic abnormalities | ||
*Multiple foster placements | *Multiple foster placements | ||
*Negative emotionality | *Negative emotionality | ||
*Neglect | *Neglect | ||
*[[Neurotoxin]] exposure (e.g., lead) | *[[Neurotoxin]] exposure in utero or during youth (e.g., lead) | ||
*Nutritional deficiencies | *Nutritional deficiencies | ||
*Reduced behavioral inhibition | *Reduced behavioral inhibition | ||
Revision as of 16:07, 4 August 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]
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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Microchapters |
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Differentiating Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder from other Diseases |
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Overview
Risk factors for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) include child abuse, infections, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury.[1]
Risk Factors
- Alcohol exposure in utero
- Brain injury
- Child abuse
- Diet
- Effortful control, or constraint
- Epilepsy
- First-degree biological relatives of individuals with ADHD
- Genetic predilection[2]
- Infections (e.g., encephalitis)
- Low birth weight (less than 1,500 grams)
- Male gender[2]
- Metabolic abnormalities
- Multiple foster placements
- Negative emotionality
- Neglect
- Neurotoxin exposure in utero or during youth (e.g., lead)
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Reduced behavioral inhibition
- Sleep disorders
- Smoking during pregnancy
- Visual and hearing impairments[1]