Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder risk factors: Difference between revisions
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{{ADHD}} | {{ADHD}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common risk factors in the development of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are [[child abuse]], [[infections]], [[epilepsy]], and [[traumatic brain injury]]. | Common risk factors in the development of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are [[child abuse]], [[infections]] of the [[central nervous system]], [[epilepsy]], and [[traumatic brain injury]]. | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Common risk factors in the development of ADHD are:<ref name= DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref> | Common risk factors in the development of ADHD are:<ref name= DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref><ref name="#1">National Institute of Mental Health (NIH). (2016). "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder."</ref> | ||
*[[Alcohol]] exposure in utero | *[[Alcohol]] exposure in utero | ||
*[[Brain injury]] | *[[Brain injury]] | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category:Psychiatry]] | [[Category:Psychiatry]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:10, 14 January 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2], Haleigh Williams, B.S.
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Overview
Common risk factors in the development of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are child abuse, infections of the central nervous system, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of ADHD are:[1][2]
- Alcohol exposure in utero
- Brain injury
- Child abuse
- Epilepsy
- First-degree biological relative of individuals with ADHD
- Genetic predilection
- Infections of the central nervous system (e.g., encephalitis)
- Low birth weight (less than 1,500 grams)
- Male gender
- Metabolic abnormalities
- Multiple foster placements
- Neglect
- Neurotoxin exposure in utero or during youth (e.g., lead)
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Pessimistic outlook
- Reduced behavioral inhibition
- Sleep disorders
- Smoking during pregnancy
- Visual and hearing impairments
References
- ↑ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
- ↑ National Institute of Mental Health (NIH). (2016). "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder."