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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Amnesia}} | {{Amnesia}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ZMalik}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
[[Memory]] impairment tends to increase with [[age]]. Forty percent of the [[population]] over [[age]] sixty have some degree of [[memory]] loss. Amnesia and mild [[cognitive impairment]] is more [[prevalent]] in middle-aged to older Non-[[Hispanic]] Black and older [[Latino]] as compared to non-[[Hispanic]] Whites. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
===Prevalence=== | |||
*The [[prevalence]] of [[dissociative amnesia]] is 1,000 to 2,600 per 100,000 (1.0% to 2.6%) of the overall population.<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558}}</ref> | |||
*[[Prevalence]] of [[Alzheimer's disease]] is 20% over the age of 85.<ref name="pmid2154898">{{cite journal| author=Erickson KR| title=Amnestic disorders. Pathophysiology and patterns of memory dysfunction. | journal=West J Med | year= 1990 | volume= 152 | issue= 2 | pages= 159-66 | pmid=2154898 | doi= | pmc=1002292 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2154898 }} </ref> | |||
*The [[prevalence]] of [[dissociative fugue]] is approximately 0.2%. This might be underestimated as [[dissociative fugue]] is under [[diagnosed]].<ref name="pmid24379504">{{cite journal| author=Mamarde A, Navkhare P, Singam A, Kanoje A| title=Recurrent dissociative fugue. | journal=Indian J Psychol Med | year= 2013 | volume= 35 | issue= 4 | pages= 400-1 | pmid=24379504 | doi=10.4103/0253-7176.122239 | pmc=3868095 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24379504 }} </ref> | |||
*Worldwide [[prevalence]] of [[Korsakoff Syndrome]] is 0-2% and 1-2% in the United States. [[Prevalence]] is higher in elderly living by themselves, psychiatric inpatients and the homeless.<ref name="pmid29225466">{{cite journal| author=Arts NJ, Walvoort SJ, Kessels RP| title=Korsakoff's syndrome: a critical review. | journal=Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat | year= 2017 | volume= 13 | issue= | pages= 2875-2890 | pmid=29225466 | doi=10.2147/NDT.S130078 | pmc=5708199 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29225466 }} </ref> | |||
===Incidence=== | |||
*Worldwide, the incidence of [[transient global amnesia]] is approximately 2.9– 10 per 100,000 cases per year. <ref>Quinette P, Guillery-Girard B , Dayan J , et al. ''What does transient global amnesia really mean? Review of the literature and thorough study of 142 cases''. Brain 2006;129 (Part 7) :1640–58.</ref> | |||
*[[Incidence]] of [[dissociative disorder]] is higher in substance [[abuse]] cases.<ref>Vedat Sar, "Epidemiology of Dissociative Disorders: An Overview", Epidemiology Research International, vol. 2011, Article ID 404538, 8 pages, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/404538</ref> | |||
===Gender=== | |||
*Higher [[prevalence]] of [[Alzheimer's disease]] is seen in [[women]] than [[men]].<ref name="pmid18381051">{{cite journal| author=Schmidt R, Kienbacher E, Benke T, Dal-Bianco P, Delazer M, Ladurner G | display-authors=etal| title=[Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease]. | journal=Neuropsychiatr | year= 2008 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-15 | pmid=18381051 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18381051 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Males]] are more affected by [[Korsakoff Syndrome]] than [[females]]. | |||
===Race=== | |||
*Memory loss and mild [[cognitive]] impairment is more [[prevalent]] in middle-aged to older Non-Hispanic Black and older Latino as compared to non-Hispanic Whites.<ref name="pmid31367174">{{cite journal| author=Casillas A, Liang LJ, Vassar S, Brown A| title=Trends in Memory Problems and Race/Ethnicity in the National Health and Examination Survey, 1999-2014. | journal=Ethn Dis | year= 2019 | volume= 29 | issue= 3 | pages= 525-534 | pmid=31367174 | doi=10.18865/ed.29.3.525 | pmc=6645717 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31367174 }} </ref> | |||
===Age=== | |||
*[[Memory]] impairment tends to increase with [[age]]. Forty percent of the [[population]] over [[age]] sixty have some degree of [[memory]] loss.<ref name="pmid15305786">{{cite journal| author=Pokorski RJ| title=Differentiating age-related memory loss from early dementia. | journal=J Insur Med | year= 2002 | volume= 34 | issue= 2 | pages= 100-13 | pmid=15305786 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15305786 }} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Psychiatry]] | [[Category:Psychiatry]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Mature chapter]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Memory disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | |||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Memory impairment tends to increase with age. Forty percent of the population over age sixty have some degree of memory loss. Amnesia and mild cognitive impairment is more prevalent in middle-aged to older Non-Hispanic Black and older Latino as compared to non-Hispanic Whites.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- The prevalence of dissociative amnesia is 1,000 to 2,600 per 100,000 (1.0% to 2.6%) of the overall population.[1]
- Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is 20% over the age of 85.[2]
- The prevalence of dissociative fugue is approximately 0.2%. This might be underestimated as dissociative fugue is under diagnosed.[3]
- Worldwide prevalence of Korsakoff Syndrome is 0-2% and 1-2% in the United States. Prevalence is higher in elderly living by themselves, psychiatric inpatients and the homeless.[4]
Incidence
- Worldwide, the incidence of transient global amnesia is approximately 2.9– 10 per 100,000 cases per year. [5]
- Incidence of dissociative disorder is higher in substance abuse cases.[6]
Gender
- Higher prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is seen in women than men.[7]
- Males are more affected by Korsakoff Syndrome than females.
Race
- Memory loss and mild cognitive impairment is more prevalent in middle-aged to older Non-Hispanic Black and older Latino as compared to non-Hispanic Whites.[8]
Age
- Memory impairment tends to increase with age. Forty percent of the population over age sixty have some degree of memory loss.[9]
References
- ↑ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
- ↑ Erickson KR (1990). "Amnestic disorders. Pathophysiology and patterns of memory dysfunction". West J Med. 152 (2): 159–66. PMC 1002292. PMID 2154898.
- ↑ Mamarde A, Navkhare P, Singam A, Kanoje A (2013). "Recurrent dissociative fugue". Indian J Psychol Med. 35 (4): 400–1. doi:10.4103/0253-7176.122239. PMC 3868095. PMID 24379504.
- ↑ Arts NJ, Walvoort SJ, Kessels RP (2017). "Korsakoff's syndrome: a critical review". Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 13: 2875–2890. doi:10.2147/NDT.S130078. PMC 5708199. PMID 29225466.
- ↑ Quinette P, Guillery-Girard B , Dayan J , et al. What does transient global amnesia really mean? Review of the literature and thorough study of 142 cases. Brain 2006;129 (Part 7) :1640–58.
- ↑ Vedat Sar, "Epidemiology of Dissociative Disorders: An Overview", Epidemiology Research International, vol. 2011, Article ID 404538, 8 pages, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/404538
- ↑ Schmidt R, Kienbacher E, Benke T, Dal-Bianco P, Delazer M, Ladurner G; et al. (2008). "[Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease]". Neuropsychiatr. 22 (1): 1–15. PMID 18381051.
- ↑ Casillas A, Liang LJ, Vassar S, Brown A (2019). "Trends in Memory Problems and Race/Ethnicity in the National Health and Examination Survey, 1999-2014". Ethn Dis. 29 (3): 525–534. doi:10.18865/ed.29.3.525. PMC 6645717 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 31367174. - ↑ Pokorski RJ (2002). "Differentiating age-related memory loss from early dementia". J Insur Med. 34 (2): 100–13. PMID 15305786.