Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
(→Causes) |
||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
In the vast majority of cases, the causal pathogen is unknown. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is a clinical illness that can be roughly classified as encephalomyelitis with numerous inflammatory demyelination, autoimmune reasons, and a connection to a previous infection or vaccine. | In the vast majority of cases, the causal [[pathogen]] is unknown. [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] is a clinical illness that can be roughly classified as [[encephalomyelitis]] with numerous [[inflammatory]] [[demyelination]], [[autoimmune]] reasons, and a connection to a previous [[infection]] or [[vaccine]]. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
*Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare inflammatory demyelinating multifocal disease of the central nervous system that most commonly affects children after immunization or viral infections of respiratory or | *[[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis CT|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] (ADEM) is a rare [[inflammatory]] [[demyelinating]] multifocal disease of the [[central nervous system]] that most commonly affects children after [[immunization]] or [[viral infections]] of [[respiratory]] or [[Gastrointestinal tract|gastrointestina]]<nowiki/>l tracts or [[bacterial]] [[pathogens]] and carries a high risk of [[neurological]] [[sequelae]] if not treated promptly.<ref name="pmid30753808">{{cite journal| author=Alves JM, Marques IB, Gil-Gouveia R| title=[Vaccination Controversies: An Adult Case of Post-Vaccinal Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis]. | journal=Acta Med Port | year= 2019 | volume= 32 | issue= 1 | pages= 81-85 | pmid=30753808 | doi=10.20344/amp.9809 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30753808 }}</ref><ref name="pmid15580467">{{cite journal| author=Stüve O, Nessler S, Hartung HP, Hemmer B, Wiendl H, Kieseier BC| title=[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis]. | journal=Nervenarzt | year= 2005 | volume= 76 | issue= 6 | pages= 701-7 | pmid=15580467 | doi=10.1007/s00115-004-1842-0 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15580467 }}</ref> | ||
*Common viral causes are cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, human herpes | *Common [[viral]] causes are [[cytomegalovirus]], [[Epstein-Barr virus]], [[herpes simplex virus]], [[Human herpes virus 6|human herpes virus]]-6, [[influenza virus]], [[hepatitis A]], human [[immunodeficiency]] virus, and [[mycoplasma pneumonia]].<ref name="pmid30753808">{{cite journal| author=Alves JM, Marques IB, Gil-Gouveia R| title=[Vaccination Controversies: An Adult Case of Post-Vaccinal Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis]. | journal=Acta Med Port | year= 2019 | volume= 32 | issue= 1 | pages= 81-85 | pmid=30753808 | doi=10.20344/amp.9809 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30753808 }} </ref> | ||
*Common bacterial pathogens associated are Leptospira, beta-hemolytic streptococci, and Borrelia burgdorferi. | *Common [[bacterial]] pathogens associated are [[Leptospira]], [[beta-hemolytic streptococci]], and [[Borrelia burgdorferi]]. | ||
*The rabies vaccine was the first vaccine to be linked to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis <ref name="pmid30730236">{{cite journal| author=Rossor T, Benetou C, Wright S, Duignan S, Lascelles K, Robinson R | display-authors=etal| title=Early predictors of epilepsy and subsequent relapse in children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2020 | volume= 26 | issue= 3 | pages= 333-342 | pmid=30730236 | doi=10.1177/1352458518823486 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30730236 }}</ref> | *The [[rabies vaccine]] was the first [[vaccine]] to be linked to [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] <ref name="pmid30730236">{{cite journal| author=Rossor T, Benetou C, Wright S, Duignan S, Lascelles K, Robinson R | display-authors=etal| title=Early predictors of epilepsy and subsequent relapse in children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2020 | volume= 26 | issue= 3 | pages= 333-342 | pmid=30730236 | doi=10.1177/1352458518823486 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30730236 }}</ref> | ||
*Measles, pertussis, tetanus, influenza, hepatitis B, diphtheria, rubella, pneumococcus, varicella, smallpox, human papillomavirus, and poliomyelitis vaccines are among the less usually associated immunizations.<ref name="pmid30683508">{{cite journal| author=Torisu H, Okada K| title=Vaccination-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Vaccine | year= 2019 | volume= 37 | issue= 8 | pages= 1126-1129 | pmid=30683508 | doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.021 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30683508 }}</ref> | *[[Measles]], [[pertussis]], [[tetanus]], [[influenza]], [[hepatitis B]], [[diphtheria]], [[rubella]], [[pneumococcus]], [[varicella]], [[smallpox]], [[human papillomavirus]], and [[poliomyelitis]] [[vaccines]] are among the less usually associated [[Immunization|immunizations]].<ref name="pmid30683508">{{cite journal| author=Torisu H, Okada K| title=Vaccination-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Vaccine | year= 2019 | volume= 37 | issue= 8 | pages= 1126-1129 | pmid=30683508 | doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.021 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30683508 }}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 21:18, 15 December 2021
|
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shameera Shaik Masthan MBBS, DLO, DNB[2]
Please help WikiDoc by adding content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing.
Overview
In the vast majority of cases, the causal pathogen is unknown. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is a clinical illness that can be roughly classified as encephalomyelitis with numerous inflammatory demyelination, autoimmune reasons, and a connection to a previous infection or vaccine.
Causes
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare inflammatory demyelinating multifocal disease of the central nervous system that most commonly affects children after immunization or viral infections of respiratory or gastrointestinal tracts or bacterial pathogens and carries a high risk of neurological sequelae if not treated promptly.[1][2]
- Common viral causes are cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, human herpes virus-6, influenza virus, hepatitis A, human immunodeficiency virus, and mycoplasma pneumonia.[1]
- Common bacterial pathogens associated are Leptospira, beta-hemolytic streptococci, and Borrelia burgdorferi.
- The rabies vaccine was the first vaccine to be linked to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis [3]
- Measles, pertussis, tetanus, influenza, hepatitis B, diphtheria, rubella, pneumococcus, varicella, smallpox, human papillomavirus, and poliomyelitis vaccines are among the less usually associated immunizations.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Alves JM, Marques IB, Gil-Gouveia R (2019). "[Vaccination Controversies: An Adult Case of Post-Vaccinal Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis]". Acta Med Port. 32 (1): 81–85. doi:10.20344/amp.9809. PMID 30753808.
- ↑ Stüve O, Nessler S, Hartung HP, Hemmer B, Wiendl H, Kieseier BC (2005). "[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis]". Nervenarzt. 76 (6): 701–7. doi:10.1007/s00115-004-1842-0. PMID 15580467.
- ↑ Rossor T, Benetou C, Wright S, Duignan S, Lascelles K, Robinson R; et al. (2020). "Early predictors of epilepsy and subsequent relapse in children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis". Mult Scler. 26 (3): 333–342. doi:10.1177/1352458518823486. PMID 30730236.
- ↑ Torisu H, Okada K (2019). "Vaccination-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis". Vaccine. 37 (8): 1126–1129. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.021. PMID 30683508.