Acetylcarnitine

Jump to navigation Jump to search
The printable version is no longer supported and may have rendering errors. Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.
Acetylcarnitine
Clinical data
ATC code
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
E number{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H17NO4
Molar mass203.236

Acetyl-L-carnitine or ALCAR, is an acetylated form of L-carnitine. ALCAR has been claimed to be superior to normal L-carnitine in terms of bioavailability. However, at least one study has suggested that the acetylated form may have a lower oral bioavailability.[1]

It is claimed that ALCAR provides several benefits. Advocates of acetyl-L-carnitine market it as a life extension supplement. There may be some benefit in cases of end stage renal disease or peripheral arterial disease.[2] When supplemented alongside Lipoic acid, ALCAR appears to reverse some of the damage to mitochondria associated with aging.[3]

The percentage of L-carnitine that is absorbed when taken via oral supplementation is much lower than that from food sources. In one particular study, it was shown that approximately 20% of orally supplemented L-carnitine is absorbed, with a bioavailability of roughly 15%, as compared to a bioavailability of between %60 and %75 when absorbed from food.[4]

Choline supplementation may lead to increased L-carnitine retention.[4]

ALCAR supplementation has been shown to be neuroprotective in instances of cerebral ischemia,[5] periphiral nerve injury,[6] and to be beneficial in the treatment of Parkinson's disease in animals.[7]

ALCAR supplementation has also been shown to reverse syptoms associated with mental decline in the eldery.[8]

ALCAR is being researched in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Eder, K. (2005). "Free and total carnitine concentrations in pig plasma after oral ingestion of various L-carnitine compounds". Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 75 (1): 3–9. Retrieved 2007-3-13. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  2. ↑ Brass, Eric P. (1998). "The Role of Carnitine and Carnitine Supplementation During Exercise in Man and in Individuals with Special Needs". Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 17 (3): 207–215. Retrieved 2007-3-13. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  3. ↑ Ames, B. N. (2005). "Delaying the mitochondrial decay of aging with acetylcarnitine". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1033 (1): 108–16. Retrieved 2007-3-13. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "L-Carnitine". PRD Health. Thompson Healthcare. Retrieved 2007-3-13. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  5. ↑ Zanelli, Santina A. (2005). "Mechanisms of ischemic neuroprotection by acetyl-L-carnitine". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1053: 153–161. Retrieved 2007-3-14. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  6. ↑ Wilsona, Andrew (2007). "Delayed acetyl-l-carnitine administration and its effect on sensory neuronal rescue after peripheral nerve injurystar, open". J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 60 (2). Retrieved 2007-3-14. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  7. ↑ Beal, Flint (2003). "Bioenergetic approaches for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease". Ann Neurol. 53 (S3): S39–S48. Retrieved 2007-3-14. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  8. ↑ Salvioli, G (1994). "L-acetylcarnitine treatment of mental decline in the elderly". Drugs Exp Clin Res. 20 (4): 169–76. Retrieved 2007-3-14. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  9. ↑ Hafiz, Mohmmad Abdul (2006). "Acetyl-L-carnitine-induced up-regulation of heat shock proteins protects cortical neurons against amyloid-beta peptide 1-42-mediated oxidative stress and neurotoxicity: Implications for Alzheimer's disease". J Neurosci Res. 84 (2): 398–408. Retrieved 2007-3-14. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

Other reviews

Template:Psychostimulants, agents used for ADHD and nootropics

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Acetylcarnitine&oldid=1083752"