Cytopathology

Revision as of 00:26, 9 August 2012 by WikiBot (talk | contribs) (Bot: Automated text replacement (-{{SIB}} + & -{{EH}} + & -{{EJ}} + & -{{Editor Help}} + & -{{Editor Join}} +))
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

WikiDoc Resources for Cytopathology

Articles

Most recent articles on Cytopathology

Most cited articles on Cytopathology

Review articles on Cytopathology

Articles on Cytopathology in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Cytopathology

Images of Cytopathology

Photos of Cytopathology

Podcasts & MP3s on Cytopathology

Videos on Cytopathology

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Cytopathology

Bandolier on Cytopathology

TRIP on Cytopathology

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Cytopathology at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Cytopathology

Clinical Trials on Cytopathology at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Cytopathology

NICE Guidance on Cytopathology

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Cytopathology

CDC on Cytopathology

Books

Books on Cytopathology

News

Cytopathology in the news

Be alerted to news on Cytopathology

News trends on Cytopathology

Commentary

Blogs on Cytopathology

Definitions

Definitions of Cytopathology

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Cytopathology

Discussion groups on Cytopathology

Patient Handouts on Cytopathology

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cytopathology

Risk calculators and risk factors for Cytopathology

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Cytopathology

Causes & Risk Factors for Cytopathology

Diagnostic studies for Cytopathology

Treatment of Cytopathology

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Cytopathology

International

Cytopathology en Espanol

Cytopathology en Francais

Business

Cytopathology in the Marketplace

Patents on Cytopathology

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Cytopathology


Cytopathology is a branch of pathology that studies and diagnoses diseases on the cellular level. The most common use of cytopathology is the Pap smear, used to detect cervical cancer at an early treatable stage.

Two methods of collecting cells for analysis are:

  1. Exfoliative Cytology – Cells are extracted from fluid shed into the body cavities. For example, in pleural fluid, ascitic fluid, or in the case of the Pap smear, cells scraped from the cervix.
  2. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology or Needle aspiration biopsy – An 18 to 27 gauge (most commonly 23-25) needle attached to a 10 cc syringe is used to aspirate (pull out) cells from lesions or masses in various organs of the body by application of negative pressure (suction). FNAC can be done directly on a mass in superficial regions like the neck, thyroid or breast; or it may be be assisted by ultrasound or CAT scan. FNAC, while poorly developed in the USA, is widely used in Europe and India. Being a skill dependent procedure, the success rate may vary. If performed by pathologist or as team with pathologist-cytotechnologist, the success rate of proper diagnosis is superior. The two countries with the most advanced FNAC services are Sweden (Karolinska hospital performs about 11 thousand annual aspirates), and Slovenia (Institute of Oncology performs about 10 thousand annual aspirates). The highest volumes in USA are encountered at Emory University Hospital in Atlanta GA, and MD Anderson Hostpital in Houston, TX, each contributing no more than 4 thousand aspirates per year.

Equipment

Fine needles are 23 to 27 gauge. Needle diameters and color codes for 23G, 25G and 27G are as follows, respectively: 0,6 mm/Blue-dark, 0,5 mm/Orange, and 0,4 mm/Grey. If a cell-block preparation is indicated, after obtaining diagnostic cytology smears, a wider gauge needle, up to 18 gauge, may be used.

See also

External Links


Template:Pathology

da:Cytologi no:Cytologi



Template:WikiDoc Sources