Brucellosis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Danitza Lukac

Overview

Patients with brucellosis are usually well-appearing.[1] Common physical examination findings include hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy.[2]

Physical Examination

    • {| class="wikitable" !Examination findings !Brucellosis |- |Appearance of patient |Patients are usually well-appearing |- |Vital Signs |Pulse rate-Normal/Tachycardia with regular rhythm, normal volume Temperature- Normal or elevated Blood pressure- Normal Respiratory rate-Normal/tachypnea(pneumonia) Oxygen saturation- usually normal but some cases may have low oxygen saturation(lung involvement). Blood glucose level- normal |- |Skin |Skin examination may reveal the following: Maculppapular rash Erythema nodosum like eruptions and ulceration abscesses |- |HEENT |Usually Normal |- |Neck |Cervical lymphadenopathy may be present |- |Lungs |Lung involvement may reveal multiple findings depending on the kind of involvement(it could be pneumonia, bronchitis, pleural effusion or empyema or combination of these). Based on the involvement, lung examination may reveal:
  • Increased tactile fremitus
  • Dullness on percussion
  • Decreased breath sounds
  • Bronchial breath sounds
  • Rhonchi
  • Crackles, Rales
  • Increased vocal fremitus |- |Heart |Heart examination may reveal murmurs on ascultation(endocarditis) |- |Abdomen |Abdominal examination may elicit:
  • Tenderness

Reference

  1. Madkour M. Madkour's Brucellosis. Springer Science & Business Media; 2012.
  2. Pappas G, Akritidis N, Bosilkovski M, Tsianos E (2005). "Brucellosis". N Engl J Med. 352 (22): 2325–36. doi:10.1056/NEJMra050570. PMID 15930423.