Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis

Revision as of 16:16, 13 November 2015 by Nawal Muazam (talk | contribs)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Hemangioma Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hemangioma from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X Ray

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis

CDC on Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis

Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis in the news

Blogs on Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis

Directions to Hospitals Treating Hemangioma

Risk calculators and risk factors for Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nawal Muazam M.D.[2]

Overview

Natural history

  • In brief, hemangiomas are vascular tumors that are rarely apparent at birth, grow rapidly during the first six months of life, involute with time and do not necessarily infiltrate but can sometimes be destructive.[1]
  • Hemangiomas follow a predictable course with three distinct developmental phases:
  • Proliferation phase
  • Quiescence phase
  • Involution phase

Proliferation phase

  • In most hemangiomas, eighty percent of proliferation occurs by three months of life but may last longer..[1]
  • During proliferation, rapid growth can lead to exhaustion of blood supply with resulting ischemia, necrosis, ulceration, and bleeding.

Quiescence phase

  • Following proliferation, hemangiomas enter a slower or no growth phase, known as quiescence..[1]
  • This phase typically lasts from nine to twelve months of age.

Involution phase

  • The final and unique phase of the hemangioma lifecycle is involution..[1]
  • This phase is marked by graying of the overlying skin and shrinking of the deeper components.
  • At the final stages of involution, a fibrofatty protuberance may remain.

Complications

The vast majority of hemangiomas are not associated with complications. Hemangiomas may break down on the surface to form ulcers. If the ulceration is deep, significant bleeding may rarely occur. Ulceration on the diaper area can be painful and problematic.

If an hemangioma develops in the larynx, breathing can be compromised. A hemangioma can grow and block one of the eyes, causing an occlusion amblyopia. Very rarely, extremely large hemangiomas can cause high-output heart failure due to the amount of blood that must be pumped to excess blood vessels. Lesions adjacent to bone can also cause erosion of the bone.

The most frequent complaints about hemangiomas, however, stem from psychosocial complications: the condition can affect a person's appearance and can provoke attention and malicious reactions from others. Particular problems occur if the lip or nose is involved, as distortion can be difficult to treat surgically.

Prognosis

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Richter, Gresham T.; Friedman, Adva B. (2012). "Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations: Current Theory and Management". International Journal of Pediatrics. 2012: 1–10. doi:10.1155/2012/645678. ISSN 1687-9740.

Template:WH Template:WS