Hepatitis B diagnostic criteria

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]

Diagnostic Criteria

During HBV infection, the serological markers vary depending on whether the infection is acute or chronic:

Antigens

HBxAg

Hepatitis B x antigen is detected in HBeAg positive blood in patients with both acute and chronic hepatitis. HBxAg is a transcriptional activator. It does not bind to DNA. Its specific antibody is anti-HBx.

HBV DNA

HBV DNA is detectable by PCR as soon as 1 week after initial infection, but the test is generally only performed for research purposes or to detect mutants that escape detection by current methods.

HBV DNA Polymerase

Tests for the presence of HBV DNA polymerase, detectable within 1 week of initial infection, are only performed for research purposes.

Hepatitis B diagnosis Adapted from World Health Organization