Mononucleosis differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

  • In addition, since their management is much the same, it is not always helpful, or possible, to distinguish between infectious mononucleosis and cytomegalovirus infection.
  • However, in pregnant women, it is imperative to differentiation mononucleosis from toxoplasmosis as toxo is associated with significant consequences for the fetus.
  • Acute HIV infection can also mimic signs similar to those of infectious mononucleosis, and tests should be performed in pregnant women for the same reason as toxoplasmosis.[1]
  • Other conditions to be differentiated from infectious mononucleosis include:

Differentiating mononucleosis from other causes with similar presentation

Pharyngitis

  • Edema of the uvula is rare but if present differentiates mononucleosis from all other types of pharyngitis

CMV vs. EBV

  • Due to the presence of the atypical lymphocytes on the blood smear in both conditions, some physicians confusingly used to include both infections under the diagnosis of "mononucleosis," though EBV is by definition the infection that must be present for this illness.

References

  1. Ebell MH (2004). "Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis". American Family Physician. 70 (7): 1279–87. PMID 15508538. Retrieved 2012-02-23. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


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