High density lipoprotein causes: Difference between revisions

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==Causes==
==Causes==
* HDL cholesterol is a positive [[cardiac risk factor]]
* HDL cholesterol is a positive [[cardiac risk factor]]
*:* '''HDL'' < 35
*:* If HDL < 35 mg/dL
*:* Total cholesterol to HDL ratio in > 5.0 (in men)
*:* Total cholesterol to HDL ratio in > 5.0 (in men)
*:* Total cholesterol to HDL ratio in > 4.5 (in women)
*:* Total cholesterol to HDL ratio in > 4.5 (in women)
* Negative cardiac risk factor if '''HDL''' > 60
* Negative cardiac risk factor if HDL > 60 mg/dL


=== Decreased ===
=== Decreased ===

Revision as of 15:56, 15 April 2013

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]; Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]

Causes

  • HDL cholesterol is a positive cardiac risk factor
    • If HDL < 35 mg/dL
    • Total cholesterol to HDL ratio in > 5.0 (in men)
    • Total cholesterol to HDL ratio in > 4.5 (in women)
  • Negative cardiac risk factor if HDL > 60 mg/dL

Decreased

  • Apolipoprotein deficiency: Hypoalphalipoproteinemia can be of three types.
  1. Impaired synthesis of apo A-1: apo A-1 deficiency, apo A-1/C-3 deficiency, apo A-1 structural variants
  2. Increased catabolism: familial HDL deficiency, Tangier disease
  3. Enzymatic changes: genetic, reduced activity of lipoprotein lipase, insulin resistance

Increased

  • Drugs
  • Moderate alcohol intake
  • Regular aerobic exercise
  • Weight loss

References

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