Acral necrosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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'''Acral necrosis''' is a symptom common in [[bubonic plague]]. | '''Acral necrosis''' is a symptom common in [[bubonic plague]]. | ||
== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
The striking black discoloration of skin and tissue, primarily on the extremities, is commonly thought to have given rise to the name "[[Black Death]]," associated both with the disease and the [[pandemic]] which occurred in the 14th century. The term in fact came from the figural sense of "black", that is glum, lugubrious or dreadful. | The striking black discoloration of skin and tissue, primarily on the extremities, is commonly thought to have given rise to the name "[[Black Death]]," associated both with the disease and the [[pandemic]] which occurred in the 14th century. The term in fact came from the figural sense of "black", that is glum, lugubrious or dreadful. | ||
== | ==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ||
Untreated cases can lead to death. | |||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
Clotting and bleeding beneath the skin causes an area of hemorrhage, the presence of red blood cells lying outside of capillaries, into the skin and subcutaneous tissue. In isolation, this is called an [[ecchymosis]] or bruise and may be the result of injury or illness. However, acral necrosis occurs when blood supply is disrupted for prolonged periods, blackening and damaging the affected area and surrounding tissue. | Clotting and bleeding beneath the skin causes an area of hemorrhage, the presence of red blood cells lying outside of capillaries, into the skin and subcutaneous tissue. In isolation, this is called an [[ecchymosis]] or bruise and may be the result of injury or illness. However, acral necrosis occurs when blood supply is disrupted for prolonged periods, blackening and damaging the affected area and surrounding tissue. | ||
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With appropriate medical treatment, areas with Acral necrosis may be successfully restored to function. | With appropriate medical treatment, areas with Acral necrosis may be successfully restored to function. | ||
==Pathological Findings== | ==Pathological Findings== |
Revision as of 12:57, 21 September 2012
Acral necrosis | |
A hand with acral gangrene due to plague |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Acral necrosis is a symptom common in bubonic plague.
Historical Perspective
The striking black discoloration of skin and tissue, primarily on the extremities, is commonly thought to have given rise to the name "Black Death," associated both with the disease and the pandemic which occurred in the 14th century. The term in fact came from the figural sense of "black", that is glum, lugubrious or dreadful.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Untreated cases can lead to death.
Pathophysiology
Clotting and bleeding beneath the skin causes an area of hemorrhage, the presence of red blood cells lying outside of capillaries, into the skin and subcutaneous tissue. In isolation, this is called an ecchymosis or bruise and may be the result of injury or illness. However, acral necrosis occurs when blood supply is disrupted for prolonged periods, blackening and damaging the affected area and surrounding tissue.
Treatment
With appropriate medical treatment, areas with Acral necrosis may be successfully restored to function.
Pathological Findings
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Hand: Gangrene: Gross excellent demonstration of gangrenous necrosis of fingers
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Hand: Gangrene: Gross excellent demonstration of gangrenous necrosis of fingers
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Hand: Gangrene: Gross excellent demonstration of gangrenous necrosis of fingers
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Necrosis of distal finger in a patient with panniculitis and fascitis, streptococcus A septicemia in a patient with Scleroderma who was on high dose steroids