Knee pain/swelling: Difference between revisions

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The most common reasons of knee pain can include;
The most common reasons of knee pain can include;
 
==Differential diagnosis of knee pain/swelling==
===Acute knee pain===
===Common causes===
 
====Acute knee pain====
* Ligament injuries
* Ligament injuries
* Tendon injuries ([[tendinitis]])
* Tendon injuries ([[tendinitis]])
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* Septic arthritis
* Septic arthritis


===Chronic knee pain===
====Chronic knee pain====
 
* [[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
* [[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
* [[Osteoarthritis]]
* [[Osteoarthritis]]
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* [[Chondromalacia]] of the [[patella]], or patellofemoral pain
* [[Chondromalacia]] of the [[patella]], or patellofemoral pain


== Differential Diagnosis ==  
=== Complete differential diagnosis of causes of knee pain/sweling===  
* Acute gouty arthritis
* Acute gouty arthritis
* [[Still's Disease|Adult Still's Disease]]
* [[Still's Disease|Adult Still's Disease]]
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=== History and Symptoms ===  
=== History and Symptoms ===  
* Gait abnormalities
* Gait abnormalities
* Swelling
* [[Swelling]]
* Erythema
* Erythema
* Deformity
* Deformity

Revision as of 20:44, 19 January 2009

Knee pain/swelling

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

The most common reasons of knee pain can include;

Differential diagnosis of knee pain/swelling

Common causes

Acute knee pain

Chronic knee pain

Complete differential diagnosis of causes of knee pain/sweling

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

  • Gait abnormalities
  • Swelling
  • Erythema
  • Deformity
  • Muscle atrophy

Physical Examination

  • Range of motion
  • Palpate area of concern
  • "Milk the joint"
  • McMurray circumduction test
  • Ligament testing

Laboratory Findings

X-Ray

  • Anteroposterior, lateral and merchant (or sunrise) films of both knees
  • Tunnel views of knee
  • Merchant and sunrise of the patella

MRI and CT

  • MRI for confirmation of suspected diagnosis

Other Diagnostic Studies

  • Bone scan
  • Joint aspiration

Treatment

  • Conservative therapy is best
  • Lifestyle changes
  • Physical therapy
  • Exercise

Pharmacotherapy

Acute Pharmacotherapies

  • Anti-inflammatory medications
  • Joint medications
  • Antibiotics

Surgery and Device Based Therapy

  • Surgery necessary for most ACL injuries
  • Meniscal tears may require surgical repair
  • Joint infection requires surgery (emergency)
  • Surgery may be necessary for osteoarthritis, if conservative treatment fails

References

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.

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