Asplenia: Difference between revisions
(→Causes) |
|||
Line 41: | Line 41: | ||
*'''Acquired asplenia''' associated after trauma or surgery.<ref name="pmid26557043">{{cite journal| author=Erdem SB, Genel F, Erdur B, Ozbek E, Gulez N, Mese T| title=Asplenia in children with congenital heart disease as a cause of poor outcome. | journal=Cent Eur J Immunol | year= 2015 | volume= 40 | issue= 2 | pages= 266-9 | pmid=26557043 | doi=10.5114/ceji.2015.52841 | pmc=4637402 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26557043 }} </ref> | *'''Acquired asplenia''' associated after trauma or surgery.<ref name="pmid26557043">{{cite journal| author=Erdem SB, Genel F, Erdur B, Ozbek E, Gulez N, Mese T| title=Asplenia in children with congenital heart disease as a cause of poor outcome. | journal=Cent Eur J Immunol | year= 2015 | volume= 40 | issue= 2 | pages= 266-9 | pmid=26557043 | doi=10.5114/ceji.2015.52841 | pmc=4637402 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26557043 }} </ref> | ||
*'''Functional asplenia''' include sickle cell | *'''Functional asplenia''' include diseases such as sickle cell disease, celiac disease, alcoholic liver disease, hepatic cirrhosis, lymphomas, and autoimmune disorders.<ref name="pmid25125944">Kirkineska L, Perifanis V, Vasiliadis T (2014) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25125944 Functional hyposplenism.] ''Hippokratia'' 18 (1):7-11. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/25125944 25125944]</ref> | ||
==[[Asplenia differential diagnosis|Differentiating Asplenia from other Diseases]]== | ==[[Asplenia differential diagnosis|Differentiating Asplenia from other Diseases]]== |
Revision as of 04:10, 4 July 2021
Asplenia | |
ICD-10 | D73.0, Q89.0 |
---|---|
ICD-9 | 289.59, 759.01 |
OMIM | 208530 %271400 208540 |
Asplenia Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Asplenia On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Asplenia |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Synonyms and keywords:
Overview
Historical Perspective
- In 1919, Morris and Bullock provided initial experimental evidence of the protective role of the spleen against infections.[1]
- In 1952, King and Schumacker reported a series of cases of overwhelming post-splenectomy infections (OPSI) caused by encapsulated bacteria.
- In 1955, Rowley has demonstrated that splenectomized human beings fail to respond with a significant rise in antibody titer when an antigen is given intravenously.[2]
Classification
Pathophysiology
It is understood that Asplenia is a variety of clinical settings, and it can refer to an anatomic absence of the spleen or functional asplenia secondary to a variety of disease states. [3] The absence of a spleen is a well-known risk factor for severe bacterial infections, especially due to encapsulated bacteria.[4]
Causes
Asplenia is caused by either congenital, functional, or acquired conditions.
- Congenital asplenia
- Is a very rare anomaly that has been reported in both infants and adults.
- Infantile cases are almost invariably associated with serious congenital malformations of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and pulmonary systems that are not compatible with long life.
- These include atrioventricular communist, pulmonary stenosis or atresia, anomalies of the aorta and great vessels, complete or partial situs in versus, anomalies of the mesenteric and accessory lobes of the lungs.
- In the adult splenic agenesis is usually an isolated and unexpected finding.[2]
- Acquired asplenia associated after trauma or surgery.[4]
- Functional asplenia include diseases such as sickle cell disease, celiac disease, alcoholic liver disease, hepatic cirrhosis, lymphomas, and autoimmune disorders.[5]
Differentiating Asplenia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Interventions | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Template:Hematology Template:Phakomatoses and other congenital malformations not elsewhere classified
de:Asplenie
nl:Asplenie
fi:Asplenia
- ↑ Di Sabatino A, Carsetti R, Corazza GR (2011). "Post-splenectomy and hyposplenic states". Lancet. 378 (9785): 86–97. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61493-6. PMID 21474172.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 MYERSON RM, KOELLE WA (1956). "Congenital absence of the spleen in an adult; report of a case associated with recurrent Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome". N Engl J Med. 254 (24): 1131–2. doi:10.1056/NEJM195606142542406. PMID 13322226.
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30844198.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Erdem SB, Genel F, Erdur B, Ozbek E, Gulez N, Mese T (2015). "Asplenia in children with congenital heart disease as a cause of poor outcome". Cent Eur J Immunol. 40 (2): 266–9. doi:10.5114/ceji.2015.52841. PMC 4637402. PMID 26557043.
- ↑ Kirkineska L, Perifanis V, Vasiliadis T (2014) Functional hyposplenism. Hippokratia 18 (1):7-11. PMID: 25125944