Asplenia: Difference between revisions
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==[[Asplenia causes|Causes]]== | ==[[Asplenia causes|Causes]]== | ||
Asplenia is caused by either congenital or acquired conditions. | Asplenia is caused by either congenital, functional, or acquired conditions. | ||
*'''Congenital asplenia''' | *'''Congenital asplenia''' | ||
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**In the '''adult''' [[splenic]] [[agenesis]] is usually an isolated and unexpected finding.<ref name="pmid13322226">{{cite journal| author=MYERSON RM, KOELLE WA| title=Congenital absence of the spleen in an adult; report of a case associated with recurrent Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1956 | volume= 254 | issue= 24 | pages= 1131-2 | pmid=13322226 | doi=10.1056/NEJM195606142542406 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13322226 }} </ref> | **In the '''adult''' [[splenic]] [[agenesis]] is usually an isolated and unexpected finding.<ref name="pmid13322226">{{cite journal| author=MYERSON RM, KOELLE WA| title=Congenital absence of the spleen in an adult; report of a case associated with recurrent Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1956 | volume= 254 | issue= 24 | pages= 1131-2 | pmid=13322226 | doi=10.1056/NEJM195606142542406 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13322226 }} </ref> | ||
*'''Acquired asplenia''' | *'''Acquired asplenia''' associated after trauma or surgery.<ref name="pmid26557043">{{cite journal| author=Erdem SB, Genel F, Erdur B, Ozbek E, Gulez N, Mese T| title=Asplenia in children with congenital heart disease as a cause of poor outcome. | journal=Cent Eur J Immunol | year= 2015 | volume= 40 | issue= 2 | pages= 266-9 | pmid=26557043 | doi=10.5114/ceji.2015.52841 | pmc=4637402 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26557043 }} </ref> | ||
*'''Functional asplenia''' include sickle cell anemia.<ref name="pmid26557043">{{cite journal| author=Erdem SB, Genel F, Erdur B, Ozbek E, Gulez N, Mese T| title=Asplenia in children with congenital heart disease as a cause of poor outcome. | journal=Cent Eur J Immunol | year= 2015 | volume= 40 | issue= 2 | pages= 266-9 | pmid=26557043 | doi=10.5114/ceji.2015.52841 | pmc=4637402 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26557043 }} </ref> | |||
==[[Asplenia differential diagnosis|Differentiating Asplenia from other Diseases]]== | ==[[Asplenia differential diagnosis|Differentiating Asplenia from other Diseases]]== |
Revision as of 09:42, 3 July 2021
Asplenia | |
ICD-10 | D73.0, Q89.0 |
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ICD-9 | 289.59, 759.01 |
OMIM | 208530 %271400 208540 |
Asplenia Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Case Studies |
Asplenia On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Asplenia |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Synonyms and keywords:
Overview
Historical Perspective
- In 1919, Morris and Bullock provided initial experimental evidence of the protective role of the spleen against infections.[1]
- In 1952, King and Schumacker reported a series of cases of post-splenectomy infections (OPSI) caused by encapsulated bacteria.
Classification
Pathophysiology
It is understood that Asplenia is a variety of clinical settings, and it can refer to an anatomic absence of the spleen or functional asplenia secondary to a variety of disease states. [2]
Causes
Asplenia is caused by either congenital, functional, or acquired conditions.
- Congenital asplenia
- Is a very rare anomaly that has been reported in both infants and adults.
- Infantile cases are almost invariably associated with serious congenital malformations of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and pulmonary systems that are not compatible with long life.
- These include atrioventricular communist, pulmonary stenosis or atresia, anomalies of the aorta and great vessels, complete or partial situs in versus, anomalies of the mesenteric and accessory lobes of the lungs.
- In the adult splenic agenesis is usually an isolated and unexpected finding.[3]
- Acquired asplenia associated after trauma or surgery.[4]
- Functional asplenia include sickle cell anemia.[4]
Differentiating Asplenia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Interventions | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Template:Hematology Template:Phakomatoses and other congenital malformations not elsewhere classified
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- ↑ Di Sabatino A, Carsetti R, Corazza GR (2011). "Post-splenectomy and hyposplenic states". Lancet. 378 (9785): 86–97. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61493-6. PMID 21474172.
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30844198.
- ↑ MYERSON RM, KOELLE WA (1956). "Congenital absence of the spleen in an adult; report of a case associated with recurrent Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome". N Engl J Med. 254 (24): 1131–2. doi:10.1056/NEJM195606142542406. PMID 13322226.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Erdem SB, Genel F, Erdur B, Ozbek E, Gulez N, Mese T (2015). "Asplenia in children with congenital heart disease as a cause of poor outcome". Cent Eur J Immunol. 40 (2): 266–9. doi:10.5114/ceji.2015.52841. PMC 4637402. PMID 26557043.