Eye neoplasm: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 06:33, 28 July 2020


Eye Neoplasm Microchapters

Patient Information

Overview

Classification

Choroidal Tumors
Conjunctival Tumors

Causes

Differential Diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Roukoz A. Karam, M.D.[2]

Synonyms and keywords: Eye neoplasm; eye cancer

Overview

Ocular oncology is the branch of medicine dealing with tumors relating to the eye and its adnexa. Cancer of the eye is very rare; however, the most common neoplasm of the eye is ocular melanoma. Eye cancer can affect all parts of the eye.

Classification

  • The most common intraocular cancer in adults is uveal metastases
  • Melanoma is the most common type of primary intraocular cancer in adults
  • Intraocular lymphoma is lymphoma that begins in the eyeball
    • consider intraocular lymphoma to be a type of central nervous system lymphoma. Most intraocular lymphomas are non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
  • Retinoblastoma is a rare form of childhood eye cancer.
  • Hemangioma is a benign tumor of the choroid and retina that starts in the blood vessels.
  • Conjunctival melanoma is a tumor of the conjunctiva
  • Eyelid carcinoma (basal or squamous cell) is a variation of skin cancer.
  • Lacrimal gland tumor is a benign or malignant tumor of the glands that produce tears
  • Tumors in the eye and orbit can be
  • Most common eyelid tumor is basal cell carcinoma
  • Most common malignant intraocular tumor in children is retinoblastoma
    • Affecting approximately 325 children per year in North America
    • Early detection has allowed for cures exceeding 95%

Choroidal tumors

Conjunctival tumors

Risk Factors

Risk factors that increase the chance of suffering from cancer of the eye include:

Diagnosis

  • Nevus - Are benign, freckle in the eye. These should be checked out and regular checks on the eye done to ensure it hasn't turned into a melanoma.
  • Iris and conjuctival tumors (melanomas) - Presents as a dark spot. Any spot which continues to grow on the iris and the conjunctiva should be checked out.
  • Retinoblastoma - Strabismus (crossed eyes), a whitish or yellowish glow through the pupil, decreasing/loss of vision, sometimes the eye may be red and painful. Retinoblastoma can occur in one or both eyes. This tumor occurs in babies and young children. It is called RB for short. Check photographs, normal healthy eyes would have the red eye reflex, but a white/yellow dot instead of the red eye reflex can indicate a tumor or some other kind of eye disease. Any photos of a child/children which have a white/yellow dot instead of the red eye reflex should be checked out.

Related Chapters


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