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==Overview==
==Overview==
Brucella is usually transmitted via the digestive route to the human host. Following transmission, white blood cells (WBC), phagocyte the pathogen and transports it via the hematologic or lymphatic route to different organs, specially to those of the reticuloendothelial system (RES).<ref name="pmid9204307">{{cite journal| author=Corbel MJ| title=Brucellosis: an overview. | journal=Emerg Infect Dis | year= 1997 | volume= 3 | issue= 2 | pages= 213-21 | pmid=9204307 | doi=10.3201/eid0302.970219 | pmc=PMC2627605 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9204307  }} </ref><ref name="aa">Brucelosis. Wikipedia. https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucelosis. Accessed on February 2, 2016</ref>
''[[Brucella]]'' is usually transmitted via the [[Digestive system|digestive]] route to the [[human]] host. Following [[Transmission (medicine)|transmission]], [[white blood cells]] [[phagocyte]] the [[pathogen]] and transports it via the [[hematologic]] or [[lymphatic]] route to different [[organs]], specially to those of the [[reticuloendothelial system]].<ref name="pmid9204307">{{cite journal| author=Corbel MJ| title=Brucellosis: an overview. | journal=Emerg Infect Dis | year= 1997 | volume= 3 | issue= 2 | pages= 213-21 | pmid=9204307 | doi=10.3201/eid0302.970219 | pmc=PMC2627605 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9204307  }} </ref><ref name="aa">Brucelosis. Wikipedia. https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucelosis. Accessed on February 2, 2016</ref>


== Pathophysiology==
== Pathophysiology==
===Transmission===
===Transmission===
[[Image:American Bison.jpg|thumb|left|200px|]]
[[Image:American Bison.jpg|thumb|200px|]]
* ''[[Brucella|Brucella spp.]]'' are primarily passed among animals, and they cause disease in many different vertebrates.  
* ''[[Brucella|Brucella spp.]]'' are primarily passed among animals, and they cause disease in many different vertebrates.  
* Various [[Brucella]] species affect sheep, goats, cattle, deer, elk, pigs, dogs, american bishop and several other [[animals]].  
* Various [[Brucella]] species affect sheep, goats, cattle, deer, elk, pigs, dogs, american bishop and several other [[animals]].  
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===Pathogenesis===
===Pathogenesis===
*Virulent [[Brucella]] [[organisms]] can [[infect]] both nonphagocytic and [[phagocytic cells]].  
*[[Virulent]] [[Brucella|''Brucella'']] [[organisms]] can [[infect]] both nonphagocytic and [[phagocytic cells]].  
*When [[Brucella]] enters the body [[White blood cells|white blood cells (WBC)]], particularly [[neutrophils]] and [[macrophages]] [[phagocyte]] the [[pathogen]].  
*When [[Brucella|''Brucella'']] enters the body [[White blood cells|white blood cells (WBC)]], particularly [[neutrophils]] and [[macrophages]] [[phagocyte]] the [[pathogen]].  
**[[WBC]] transports the [[pathogen]] via [[hematologic]] and [[lymphatic]] routes to different organs, specially to the [[Reticuloendothelial system|reticuloendothelial system (RES)]].
**[[WBC]] transports the [[pathogen]] via [[hematologic]] and [[lymphatic]] routes to different organs, specially to the [[Reticuloendothelial system|reticuloendothelial system (RES)]].
**[[Brucella]] multiplies themselves within the [[vacuoles]] of the [[phagocytes]] without being destructed.  
**[[Brucella]] multiplies themselves within the [[vacuoles]] of the [[phagocytes]] without being destructed.  

Revision as of 19:09, 5 February 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Danitza Lukac

Overview

Brucella is usually transmitted via the digestive route to the human host. Following transmission, white blood cells phagocyte the pathogen and transports it via the hematologic or lymphatic route to different organs, specially to those of the reticuloendothelial system.[1][2]

Pathophysiology

Transmission

Pathogenesis

Microscopic Pathology

Brucella spp. are poorly staining, small gram-negative coccobacilli (0.5-0.7 x 0.6-1.5 µm), and are seen mostly as single cells and appearing like “fine sand”.
Histopathology of guinea pig liver in experimental Brucella suis infection. Granuloma with necrosis

Reference

  1. 1.0 1.1 Corbel MJ (1997). "Brucellosis: an overview". Emerg Infect Dis. 3 (2): 213–21. doi:10.3201/eid0302.970219. PMC 2627605. PMID 9204307.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Brucelosis. Wikipedia. https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucelosis. Accessed on February 2, 2016
  3. Brucellosis. CDC. http://www.cdc.gov/brucellosis/transmission/index.html. Accessed on February 1, 2016
  4. Brucellosis. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brucellosis. Accessed on January 29, 2016
  5. Hunt A, Bothwell P. Histological findings in human brucellosis. J Clin Pathol. 1967; 20: 267-272

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