Deep vein thrombosis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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(New page: '''Editors-in-Chief:''' C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. '''Associate Editor-In-Chief''': Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [mailto:urastogi@perfuse.org] {{Deep vein thrombos...) |
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{{Deep vein thrombosis}} | {{Deep vein thrombosis}} | ||
==Prognosis== | |||
[[Post-thrombotic syndrome|Post-phlebitic syndrome]] occurs in 10% of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It presents with leg oedema, pain, nocturnal cramping, venous claudication, skin pigmentation, dermatitis and [[venous ulcer|ulceration]] (usually on the medial aspect of the lower leg). | |||
===Probability scoring=== | ===Probability scoring=== | ||
In 2006, Scarvelis and Wells overviewed a set of [[clinical prediction rule]]s for DVT,<ref>{{cite journal | author = Scarvelis D, Wells P | title = Diagnosis and treatment of deep-vein thrombosis. | journal = CMAJ | volume = 175 | issue = 9 | pages = 1087-92 | year = 2006 | id = PMID 17060659. [http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/175/9/1087 Free Full Text] }}</ref> on the heels of a widely adopted set of clinical criteria for pulmonary embolism.<ref>Neff MJ. ACEP releases clinical policy on evaluation and management of pulmonary embolism. ''American Family Physician''. 2003; '''68'''(4):759-?. Available at: [http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030815/practice.html http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030815/practice.html]. Accessed on: December 8, 2006.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Wells P, Anderson D, Rodger M, Ginsberg J, Kearon C, Gent M, Turpie A, Bormanis J, Weitz J, Chamberlain M, Bowie D, Barnes D, Hirsh J | title = Derivation of a simple clinical model to categorize patients probability of pulmonary embolism: increasing the models utility with the SimpliRED D-dimer. | journal = Thromb Haemost | volume = 83 | issue = 3 | pages = 416-20 | year = 2000 | id = PMID 10744147}}</ref> | In 2006, Scarvelis and Wells overviewed a set of [[clinical prediction rule]]s for DVT,<ref>{{cite journal | author = Scarvelis D, Wells P | title = Diagnosis and treatment of deep-vein thrombosis. | journal = CMAJ | volume = 175 | issue = 9 | pages = 1087-92 | year = 2006 | id = PMID 17060659. [http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/content/full/175/9/1087 Free Full Text] }}</ref> on the heels of a widely adopted set of clinical criteria for pulmonary embolism.<ref>Neff MJ. ACEP releases clinical policy on evaluation and management of pulmonary embolism. ''American Family Physician''. 2003; '''68'''(4):759-?. Available at: [http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030815/practice.html http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030815/practice.html]. Accessed on: December 8, 2006.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Wells P, Anderson D, Rodger M, Ginsberg J, Kearon C, Gent M, Turpie A, Bormanis J, Weitz J, Chamberlain M, Bowie D, Barnes D, Hirsh J | title = Derivation of a simple clinical model to categorize patients probability of pulmonary embolism: increasing the models utility with the SimpliRED D-dimer. | journal = Thromb Haemost | volume = 83 | issue = 3 | pages = 416-20 | year = 2000 | id = PMID 10744147}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 20:44, 22 August 2011
Editors-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. Associate Editor-In-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [1]
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Prognosis
Post-phlebitic syndrome occurs in 10% of patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It presents with leg oedema, pain, nocturnal cramping, venous claudication, skin pigmentation, dermatitis and ulceration (usually on the medial aspect of the lower leg).
Probability scoring
In 2006, Scarvelis and Wells overviewed a set of clinical prediction rules for DVT,[1] on the heels of a widely adopted set of clinical criteria for pulmonary embolism.[2][3]
Wells score or criteria
(Possible score -2 to 9)
- 1) Active cancer (treatment within last 6 months or palliative) -- 1 point
- 2) Calf swelling >3 cm compared to other calf (measured 10 cm below tibial tuberosity) -- 1 point
- 3) Collateral superficial veins (non-varicose) -- 1 point
- 4) Pitting edema (confined to symptomatic leg) -- 1 point
- 5) Swelling of entire leg - 1 point
- 6) Localized pain along distribution of deep venous system -- 1 point
- 7) Paralysis, paresis, or recent cast immobilization of lower extremities -- 1 point
- 8) Recently bedridden > 3 days, or major surgery requiring regional or general anesthetic in past 12 weeks -- 1 point
- 9) Previously documented DVT -- 1 point
- 10) Alternative diagnosis at least as likely -- Subtract 2 points
Interpretation
- Score of 2 or higher - deep vein thrombosis is likely. Consider imaging the leg veins.
- Score of less than 2 - deep vein thrombosis is unlikely. Consider blood test such as d-dimer test to further rule out deep vein thrombosis.
- ↑ Scarvelis D, Wells P (2006). "Diagnosis and treatment of deep-vein thrombosis". CMAJ. 175 (9): 1087–92. PMID 17060659. Free Full Text.
- ↑ Neff MJ. ACEP releases clinical policy on evaluation and management of pulmonary embolism. American Family Physician. 2003; 68(4):759-?. Available at: http://www.aafp.org/afp/20030815/practice.html. Accessed on: December 8, 2006.
- ↑ Wells P, Anderson D, Rodger M, Ginsberg J, Kearon C, Gent M, Turpie A, Bormanis J, Weitz J, Chamberlain M, Bowie D, Barnes D, Hirsh J (2000). "Derivation of a simple clinical model to categorize patients probability of pulmonary embolism: increasing the models utility with the SimpliRED D-dimer". Thromb Haemost. 83 (3): 416–20. PMID 10744147.