Differentiating Diabetes insipidus from other diseases: Difference between revisions

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** [[Hypothyroidism]]  
** [[Hypothyroidism]]  
** [[Adrenal failure]]
** [[Adrenal failure]]
** [[Diabetes insipidus]] (eg, excessive fluid intake and urination)
** [[Diabetes insipidus]] (e.g., excessive fluid intake and urination)
** Growth failure and [[delayed puberty]]
** Growth failure and [[delayed puberty]]
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* [[Urine osmolality]] <100 mmol/
* [[Urine osmolality]] <100 mmol/
* [[Arginine vasopressin]] level >4.6 pmol/
* [[Arginine vasopressin]] level >4.6 pmol/
* little or no response to administration of  exogenous [[arginine vasopressin]]
* Little or no response to administration of  exogenous [[arginine vasopressin]]
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|-
|[[Hypercalcemia]]
|[[Hypercalcemia]]

Revision as of 14:09, 27 September 2017

Diabetes insipidus Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]

Overview

Diabetes insipidus must be differentiated from other diseases that cause polyuria, which is defined as a urine output exceeding 3 L/day in adults and 2 L/m2 in children; increased urine frequency, or nocturia; and polydipsia. It is important to know that levels of hypo- or hypernatremia is not sufficient to describe the underlying cause of diabetes insipidus.

Differentiating Diabetes insipidus from other Diseases

Differentiating diabetes insipidus based on the type of diabetes insipidus caused

Type of DI Subclass Disease Defining signs and symptoms Lab/Imaging findings
Central Acquired Histiocytosis
  • CD1a and CD45 +
  • Interleukin-17 (ILITA)
Craniopharyngioma
Sarcoidosis
Congenital Hydrocephalus Dilated ventricles on CT and MRI
Wolfram Syndrome (DIDMOAD)
Nephrogenic Acquired Drug-induced (demeclocycline, lithium)
Hypercalcemia
  • Ca levels greater than 11 meq/L
Hypokalemia
  • K levels less than 3meq/L on CBC
Multiple myeloma
Sickle cell disease
Primary polydipsia Psychogenic
Gestational diabetes insipidus
Diabetes mellitus
  • Elevated blood sugar levels >126
  • Elevated HbA1c > 6.5

References

  1. Willcutts MD, Felner E, White PC (1999). "Autosomal recessive familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus with continued secretion of mutant weakly active vasopressin". Hum Mol Genet. 8 (7): 1303–7. PMID 10369876.
  2. Abu Libdeh A, Levy-Khademi F, Abdulhadi-Atwan M, Bosin E, Korner M, White PC; et al. (2010). "Autosomal recessive familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus: onset in early infancy". Eur J Endocrinol. 162 (2): 221–6. doi:10.1530/EJE-09-0772. PMID 19897608.
  3. Barrett TG, Bundey SE (1997). "Wolfram (DIDMOAD) syndrome". J Med Genet. 34 (10): 838–41. PMC 1051091. PMID 9350817.
  4. Ghosh KN, Bhattacharya A (1992). "Gonotrophic nature of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the laboratory". Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 34 (2): 181–2. PMID 1340034.

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