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Latest revision as of 18:08, 18 September 2017

Lassa fever Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Lassa fever from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Overview

Common symptoms of Lassa fever typically include persistent, high-grade fever and other non-specific symptoms, such as headache, myalgia/arthralgia, cough, conjunctival injection, and vomiting. Less commonly, patients may present with more severe symptoms, such as GI bleeding, deafness, confusion, seizures, and coma.

Diagnosis

The current case definition for suspecting Lassa fever is as follows:[1]

Unexplained fever at least 38 °C or 100.4 °F for ≥ 1 week
And 1 of the following:
▸ No response to standard treatment with the choice of regimen for most likely cause of fever (malaria, typhoid fever)
▸ Readmitted within 3 weeks of inpatient care for an illness with fever
And 1 of the following
Edema or bleeding
Sore throat and retrosternal pain/vomiting
▸ Spontaneous abortion following fever
Hearing loss following fever










Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of Lassa fever are often non-specific symptoms that resemble symptoms of other viral infections:


The following table lists the common symptoms of Lassa fever and their corresponding prevalence among infected patients:

Symptom of Lassa Fever Prevalence Among Infected Patients (%)
Fever ≈100
Headache 80-90
Arthralgia/Myalgia 80-90
Retrosternal Chest Pain 80-90
Weakness 70-80
Dizziness 70-80
Sore Throat/Pharyngitis 60-80
Cough 60-70
Vomiting 60-70
Abdominal Pain 50-60
Diarrhea 30-50
Conjunctivitis/Subconjunctival Hemorrhage 30-40
Chills 20-40
Deafness 20-30
Bleeding 20-30
Confusion 10-20
Swollen Neck or Face 10-20

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of Lassa fever usually develop late and are often associated with a more severe course of disease.

Skin

HEENT

Gastrointestinal tract

Cardiovascular system

Respiratory tract

Nervous system

References

  1. "The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention" (PDF).


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