Palpitation classification: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Palpitation}} | {{Palpitation}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Akash}} | ||
==Overview== | |||
[[Palpitations]] may be classified based on [[cause]], [[duration]], [[rhythm]] and clinical presentation. | |||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
*Based on '''cause''', palpitations may be classified as : <ref name="pmid28613787">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2020 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613787 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | |||
=== | *#[[Cardiac]] -[[Arrhythmia]] related | ||
*#[[Cardiac]] – Not Related to [[Arrhythmia]] | |||
*#[[Pharmacological]] | |||
*#[[Psychiatric]] | |||
*#[[Systemic]] Causes | |||
*Based on '''clinical presentation''', [[palpitations]] may be classified as: | |||
*#[[Extrasystolic]] | |||
*#[[Tachycardic]] | |||
*#[[Anxiety]]-related | |||
*#Intense<ref name="pmid21697315">{{cite journal| author=Raviele A, Giada F, Bergfeldt L, Blanc JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Mont L | display-authors=etal| title=Management of patients with palpitations: a position paper from the European Heart Rhythm Association. | journal=Europace | year= 2011 | volume= 13 | issue= 7 | pages= 920-34 | pmid=21697315 | doi=10.1093/europace/eur130 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21697315 }} </ref> | |||
*Based on '''[[duration]]''', [[palpitation]] may be classified as : | |||
*#[[Persistent]] or [[sustained]] | |||
*#[[Poorly sustained]]/ [[short lasting]] | |||
*Based on '''[[rhythm]]''', [[palpitation]] may be classified as : | |||
*#[[Regular]] | |||
*#[[Irregular]] | |||
*[[Extrasystolic]] [[palpitation]] is often described as missed beats which are sudden in [[onset]] and occur at rest. | |||
*[[Tachycardiac]] [[palpitation]] are often described as a [[fluttering sensation]] in the chest which is sudden in [[onset]]. | |||
**[[Tachycardic]] [[palpitation]] include [[ventricular]] [[tachycardias]], [[AV re-entry tachycardia]], [[AN Nodal re-entry tachycardia]], [[atrial fibrillation]], [[atrial tachycardias]] and [[atrial flutter]]. | |||
**It is associated with a [[regular]] or [[irregular]] increase in [[heart rate]] and [[symptoms]] such as [[syncope]], [[chest pain]], [[breathlessness]] and neck pulsations. | |||
*[[Anxiety]] related [[palpitation]] as the name suggest are mostly seen in individuals with [[generalized anxiety disorder]] and are gradual in [[onset]]. | |||
**It is associated with an increase in [[heart rate]] and [[symptoms]] such as a ‘lump-like’ [[sensation]] in the throat and tingling sensations in the hands and face. | |||
*Patients experiencing a [[pulsation]] type of palpitation often feel like their [[heart]] is pounding. | |||
**This [[sensation]] is gradual in [[onset]], triggered by [[exertion]] and may be associated with [[asthenia]]. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
[[Category:Psychiatry]] | [[Category:Psychiatry]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:33, 19 January 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akash Daswaney, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Palpitations may be classified based on cause, duration, rhythm and clinical presentation.
Classification
- Based on cause, palpitations may be classified as : [1]
- Cardiac -Arrhythmia related
- Cardiac – Not Related to Arrhythmia
- Pharmacological
- Psychiatric
- Systemic Causes
- Based on clinical presentation, palpitations may be classified as:
- Extrasystolic
- Tachycardic
- Anxiety-related
- Intense[2]
- Based on duration, palpitation may be classified as :
- Based on rhythm, palpitation may be classified as :
- Extrasystolic palpitation is often described as missed beats which are sudden in onset and occur at rest.
- Tachycardiac palpitation are often described as a fluttering sensation in the chest which is sudden in onset.
- Tachycardic palpitation include ventricular tachycardias, AV re-entry tachycardia, AN Nodal re-entry tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardias and atrial flutter.
- It is associated with a regular or irregular increase in heart rate and symptoms such as syncope, chest pain, breathlessness and neck pulsations.
- Anxiety related palpitation as the name suggest are mostly seen in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder and are gradual in onset.
- It is associated with an increase in heart rate and symptoms such as a ‘lump-like’ sensation in the throat and tingling sensations in the hands and face.
- Patients experiencing a pulsation type of palpitation often feel like their heart is pounding.
References
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 28613787.
- ↑ Raviele A, Giada F, Bergfeldt L, Blanc JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Mont L; et al. (2011). "Management of patients with palpitations: a position paper from the European Heart Rhythm Association". Europace. 13 (7): 920–34. doi:10.1093/europace/eur130. PMID 21697315.