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| {{Template:Tricuspid atresia}} | | {{Template:Tricuspid atresia}} |
| {{CMG}}'''Associate Editor-In-Chief:'''; [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu] [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]; '''Assistant Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [mailto:kfeeney@elon.edu] | | {{CMG}}'''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''';{{Sara.Zand}} [[User:KeriShafer|Keri Shafer, M.D.]] [mailto:kshafer@bidmc.harvard.edu] [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, MBBS]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]; '''Assistant Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [mailto:kfeeney@elon.edu] |
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| =='''Overview'''== | | ===Overview=== |
| [[Magnetic resonance imaging]] can be helpful as a diagnostic tool in conditions where the echocardiographic findings are inconclusive. | | |
| | [[Cardiac MRI]](CMR) is commonly used for long term management of Fontan patients. |
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| ==MRI== | | ==MRI== |
| Magnetic resonance imaging ([[MRI]]) can be used as a diagnostic modality in [[congenital heart disease]]s.
| | Common advantages of [[cardiac MRI]] (CMR) in [[ tricuspid atresia]] include:<ref name="YeongLoughborough2017">{{cite journal|last1=Yeong|first1=Michael|last2=Loughborough|first2=Will|last3=Hamilton|first3=Mark|last4=Manghat|first4=Nathan|title=Role of cardiac MRI and CT in Fontan circulation|journal=Journal of Congenital Cardiology|volume=1|issue=1|year=2017|issn=2056-7251|doi=10.1186/s40949-017-0010-x}}</ref> |
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| Advantages:
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| * It can be used in cases where [[echocardiographic]] results are inconclusive.
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| * Helps in measuring heart volumes, blood flow and ventricular wall thickness.
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| * The [[magnetic resonance angiography]] helps in better visualization of heart vasculature.
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| * Phase velocity mapping helps in measuring the ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp:Qs).
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| Disadvantage:
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| *For an MRI procedure to be successful, the patient will need to hold their breath, which is sometimes difficult to achieve with small kids. Due to this, the procedure is done under general [[anesthesia]] in children.
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| ==ACC/AHA 2008 Guidelines for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease (DO NOT EDIT)<ref name="pmid18997168">{{cite journal| author=Warnes CA, Williams RG, Bashore TM, Child JS, Connolly HM, Dearani JA et al.| title=ACC/AHA 2008 Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Congenital Heart Disease: Executive Summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines for the management of adults with congenital heart disease). | journal=Circulation | year= 2008 | volume= 118 | issue= 23 | pages= 2395-451 | pmid=18997168 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.190811 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18997168 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19038677">{{cite journal| author=Warnes CA, Williams RG, Bashore TM, Child JS, Connolly HM, Dearani JA et al.| title=ACC/AHA 2008 guidelines for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines on the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease). Developed in Collaboration With the American Society of Echocardiography, Heart Rhythm Society, International Society for Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 2008 | volume= 52 | issue= 23 | pages= e1-121 | pmid=19038677 | doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2008.10.001 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19038677 }} </ref>==
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| ===Imaging (DO NOT EDIT)<ref name="pmid18997168">{{cite journal| author=Warnes CA, Williams RG, Bashore TM, Child JS, Connolly HM, Dearani JA et al.| title=ACC/AHA 2008 Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Congenital Heart Disease: Executive Summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines for the management of adults with congenital heart disease). | journal=Circulation | year= 2008 | volume= 118 | issue= 23 | pages= 2395-451 | pmid=18997168 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.190811 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18997168 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19038677">{{cite journal| author=Warnes CA, Williams RG, Bashore TM, Child JS, Connolly HM, Dearani JA et al.| title=ACC/AHA 2008 guidelines for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines on the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease). Developed in Collaboration With the American Society of Echocardiography, Heart Rhythm Society, International Society for Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 2008 | volume= 52 | issue= 23 | pages= e1-121 | pmid=19038677 | doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2008.10.001 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19038677 }} </ref> ===
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| {|class="wikitable"
| | *Assessment of [[cardiac anatomy]] and function with a high spatial resolution |
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| | *Assessment of complications of Fontan circuit |
| | colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:LightGreen"|[[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Classification of Recommendations|Class I]]
| | *Assessment of [[vascular anatomy]] |
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| | *Assessment of [[ventricular volume]] and [[systolic]] and [[diastolic]] function |
| | bgcolor="LightGreen"|<nowiki>"</nowiki>'''1.''' All patients with prior Fontan type of repair should have periodic echocardiographic and/or magnetic resonance examinations performed by staff with expertise in ACHD. ''([[ACC AHA guidelines classification scheme#Level of Evidence|Level of Evidence: C]])''<nowiki>"</nowiki>
| | *Assessment of [[flow velocity]] |
| |}
| | *Assessment of myocardial focal [[fibrosis ]] |
| | *Assessment of thrombosis in Fontan circuit |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |